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APRD 3003- CU Boulder || with 100% Accurate Solutions.

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  • APRD 3003- CU Boulder
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  • APRD 3003- CU Boulder

7 Steps of the Research Process correct answers 1. Define the Research Problem 2. Review of Literature 3. Formulate the Research Question(s)/ hypothesis 4. Develop Research design (Focus groups/survey) 5. Collect data 6. Analyze Data 7. Interpreting & Reporting/Recommendation Induction Rea...

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  • September 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • APRD 3003- CU Boulder
  • APRD 3003- CU Boulder
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APRD 3003- CU Boulder || with 100% Accurate Solutions.
7 Steps of the Research Process correct answers 1. Define the Research Problem
2. Review of Literature
3. Formulate the Research Question(s)/ hypothesis
4. Develop Research design (Focus groups/survey)
5. Collect data
6. Analyze Data
7. Interpreting & Reporting/Recommendation

Induction Reasoning correct answers reasoning from observations to a theory that explains the
observations.
-Start with data
-Infer conclusions from data
-Qualitative

Deduction Reasoning correct answers reasoning from theory to observations to plausible causes
(not very relevant to us)
-Start with a theory
-Confirm a hypothesis
-Tend to do quantitative research

Theory in Inductive Process correct answers Observation > Pattern > Tentative Hypothesis >
Theory

Theory in Deductive Process correct answers Theory > Hypothesis > Observation >
Confirmation

Reflexivity correct answers researchers should be "sensitive" to their methods, context, findings

Respondents validation/member check correct answers give respondents an account of finding
for corroborative purposes

Good Interviewers (not moderators) correct answers Kvale's 1996 criteria:
Knowledgeable
Structuring
Clear
Gentle
Sensitive
Open
Steering
Critical
Remembering
Interpretive
Balance
Ethically sensitive

, Nominal correct answers (Discrete)
Characteristics: labels of classification
Examples: Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat. Postal Codes: 80015, 80302, etc.

Ordinal correct answers (Discrete)
Characteristics: labels with rank-ordering, some level of progression
Examples: freshman, sophomore, junior, senior

Interval correct answers (Continuous)
Characteristics: numeric scale with equal intervals or meaningful distance between points
Examples: Temp

Ratio correct answers (Continuous)
Characteristics: numeric scale with a true 0 point
Examples: Income

What part of NOIR is the Likert Scale correct answers Likert scale is both ordinal or interval

Why do we care about NOIR? correct answers The type of data determines what we can or
cannot do with data statistically
Nominal and ordinal (discrete) data limit us to reporting only numbers and percentages
Interval and ratio data (continuous) data allows us to do more; can be converted

Scales of Measurement correct answers Likert Scale
Semantic Differential Scale
Quality of Scale

Likert Scale correct answers -Social media essential
-You want to use a 5 point scale so that there is a neutral point

Semantic differential scale correct answers Social media is:
Friendly ........... Not Friendly
Useful .......... Not useful

Quality of Scale correct answers -Multi-item scales are generally more robust than single scales
-Several items are used to measure a construct
-Ex. sports fan motivation scale

Types of Surveys correct answers 1. Cross-sectional
2. Longitudinal
3. Cohort
4. Cross-lagged

Cross-sectional Survey correct answers Analyzes data collected from a population or a
representative subset at a specific point in time

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