Nutrition NBDHE exam with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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Course
NBDHE
Institution
NBDHE
Nutrients
Substances obtained from food and used by the body to promote growth, maintenance, or repair
Six classes of nutrients include
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
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Nutrition NBDHE exam with complete
solutions 2024/2025
Nutrients - ANSWER- Substances obtained from food and used by the body to
promote growth, maintenance, or repair
Six classes of nutrients include - ANSWER- Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Carbohydrates - ANSWER- Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
Provide most abundant energy during metabolism
Yield 4 kilocalories/gram
Include monosaccharides, disaccharides and complex polysaccharides
Glucose - ANSWER- Blood Sugar/Dextrose
1. Main fuel for brain and needed for RBCs
2. Major carbohydrate found in bloodstream
3. Sources include many foods, such as grapes, oranges, corn and carrots
Fructose - ANSWER- Levulose/Fruit Sugar
1. Sweetest Monosaccharide
2. Sources include fruits, honey, and corn syrup
, Galactose - ANSWER- Component of Milk Sugar
1. Body converts glucose to galactose in mammary tissue during lactation;
makes lactose in breast milk
2. Sources include milk/dairy products
Disaccharides - ANSWER- Double Sugars; made up of two monosaccharides
- Sucrose
- Lactose
- Maltose
Sucrose - ANSWER- Table Sugar - furnishes 1/3 of total COH intake in the average
western diet
1. Made up of glucose and fructose
2. Sources incude sugar beets, sugar cane or maple syrup, fruits and vegetables
Lactose - ANSWER- Milk Sugar
1. Made up of glucose and galactose
2. Sources include milk products
Maltose - ANSWER- Plant Sugar
1. Made up of 2 glucose molecules
2. Appears whenever starch is broken down
Starch - ANSWER- Plant storage form of glucose (amylase and amylopectin)
1. Nutritionally most important carbohydrate
2. Stores energy
3. Digestible/breaks down at a slow rate
4. Sources include rice, potatoes, pasta and legumes
Glycogen - ANSWER- Provides 12 to 24 hours of stored energy
1. Animal equivalent of starch
2. Provides a food storage system in animals/humans (glycogenesis)
a. In liver, it regulates blood sugar for brain
b. In muscle, it serves as an energy source for muscle contraction
3. Not significant as a food source
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