Exam (elaborations)
PMCOL 343 - Final Exam Latest Update
- Course
- Institution
PMCOL 343 - Final Exam Latest Update ...
[Show more]
Content preview
PMCOL 343 - Final Exam LatestUpdate
Diphenoxylate - Answer Opioid that controls diarrhea (causes constipation)
Loperamide - Answer Opioid that controls diarrhea (causes constipation)
Dextromethorphan - Answer Opioid that suppresses cough by acting on nTS
(non-analgesic)
IV anesthetics - Answer Propofol, ketamine, etomidate, methohexital, thiopentone
(barbiturate)
Inhalation anaesthetics - Answer Sevoflurane, deflurane, isoflurane, N2O
For neuromuscular blockades - Answer Succinylcholine, rocuronium, atrcurium,
cisatracuriu, neostigmine
adjuvant agents for anesthesia - Answer opioids, midazolam, dexmedetomidine
Propofol - Answer GABA-A agonist. IV anasethetic with rapid onset, predictable half-life,
anti-emetic and anticonvulsant properties, no hangover. Commonly used for TIVA.
Etodimate - Answer GABA-A agonist (potentiator), IV anaesthetic
Ketamine - Answer NMDA antagonist, analgesic and anesthetic effects, increases
HR/BP, but can be used for procedural sedation
Benzodiazepines - Answer GABA-A agonist, use during operations, also anxiolytic,
sedative, anterograde amnesia, and anticonvulsant, minimal CV and rest depression,
quick onset, short half life
Flumazenil - Answer Reverses the effects of benzodiazepines
Dexmedetomidine - Answer Alpha 2 agonist, used for sedation, limited rest depression,
ut causes hypotension and brachycardia, slow onset
Cocaine - Answer Ester local anesthetic, block Na channels
Procaine - Answer Ester local anesthetic, block Na channels
Lidocaine - Answer Amide local anesthetic, block Na channels
Bupivacaine - Answer Amide local anesthetic, block Na channels, R (+) binds more
readily to cardiac Na channels and is more cardio toxic (S (-) better)
, Pegvisomant - Answer Recombinant growth hormone antagonist (for acromegaly or
gigantism)
Octreotide - Answer Somatostatin receptor agonist (to decrease growth and treat
acromegaly and gigantism)
Dexamethasone - Answer higher affinity and specificity for GC receptor (30:0), long
acting
Fludrocortisone - Answer higher affinity and specificity for MC receptor (0:250)
Hydrocortisone - Answer GC replacement therapy, does not replicate circadian rhythm
of cortisol secretion
Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI) - Answer GC replacement
therapy, follows more closely with cortisol physiology (slow rise in morning) but does
not have ultra radian pulsatility.
Chronocort - Answer GC replacement therapy with delayed absorption, mimics cortisol
levels most closely
Ketoconazole - Answer anti-fungal that inhibits 17alpha-hydroxylase, used to treat
Cushing's disease (decrease cortisol and DHEA) but can cause increases in
progesterone and aldosterone
Metyrapone - Answer Inhibits 11beta-hydroxylase, used to treat Cushing's Disease
(decrease cortisol, corticosterone, and aldosterone) but can cause hirsutism and
hypertension
Mifepristone - Answer GC and progesterone antagonist that binds to GC and
progesterone receptors and has much higher binding affinity. Used for patients with
ectopic ACTH secretion or adrenal carcinoma. Also a SPRM which can be used as
emergency contraception to inhibit LH surge and ovulation.
Selective GR Modulators (SGRMs) - Answer steroid or non-steroid compounds that
favour trans repressing actions of GR (rather than transactivation). Also has
anti-inflammatory effects.
Anastrozole - Answer Aromatase inhibitor; steroidal or non-steroidal, selective inhibition
of estrogen synthesis, treatment for breast cancer with no risk of uterine cancer or
venous thromboembolism
Clomiphene Citrate - Answer Selective estrogen receptor modulator, blocks ERs in
pituitary and hypothalamus (so decrease negative feedback and increase estrogen
secretion) - only useful in people with a functioning HPO axis. Stimulates ovulation due
to increase in LH.
Tamoxifen - Answer SERM, antagonistic in breast tissue, agonistic in bone, agonist in
uterus (bad), modulation of signalling proteins, and activation of apoptosis. It is a
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Zayla. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79373 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now