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BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions and Answers latest 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions and Answers latest 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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BIOS 255 Comprehensive ExamDefine positive feedback - ANS A self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same
direction
Define negative feedback - ANS A process in which the body senses a change and activates
mechanisms that negate or reverse it
What is epithelial tissue? - ANS a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body
cavity
Is epithelial tissue vascular or avascular? - ANS avascular (it contains no blood vessels)
Why is epithelial tissue polar? - ANS These cells are polarized and form extensive cell-cell
adhesions, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, with each other
epithelial tissue role in regeneration - ANS capable of rapidly replacing damaged and dead
cells.
types of protein fibers in connective tissue - ANS collagen fibers, reticular fibers, elastic fibers
What is chondroitin sulfate and where is it located? - ANS provides support and adhesiveness
in cartilage, bone, skin, and blood vessels
*most commonly found in cartilage*
What is the function of keratin? - ANS Prevents underlying structures from drying out
What is a merocrine gland? - ANS glands that release fluids by exocytosis
what are the functions of merocrine glands - ANS thermoregulation, secretion, protection
What is a sebaceous gland? - ANS a small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily
matter (sebum)
function of sebaceous glands - ANS produce sebum (oil) into the hair follicles to lubricate the
skin and hair.
What are apocrine glands? - ANS glands that secrete fluid
function of apocrine glands - ANS produce sweat in response to emotional stress, heat &
sexual activity
, what are osteoclasts - ANS large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix
function of osteoclasts - ANS resorb (destroy) bone matrix to release minerals back to blood.
What are osteoblasts? - ANS bone forming cells
function of osteoblasts - ANS build bone
what is endochondral ossification - ANS Process of transforming cartilage into bone
endochondral ossification - ANS Process of transforming cartilage into bone
step 1 of endochondral ossification - ANS bone collar forms around the diaphysis of the hyaline
cartilage model
step 2 of endochondral ossification - ANS blood vessels grow into perichondrium; cells convert
to osteoblasts; shaft becomes covered with superficial bone
step 3 of endochondral ossification - ANS more blood supply and osteoblasts; produces spongy
bone; formation spreads on shaft
step 4 of endochondral ossification - ANS The diaphysis elongates and a medullary cavity
forms. Secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses.
step 5 of endochondral ossification - ANS centers of epiphysis calcify, capillaries and
osteoblasts enter area, forming secondary ossification centers
Step 6 of Endochondral Ossification - ANS epiphyseal plates ossify and form epiphyseal lines
Condyles - ANS Large, bony knobs at either end of a long bone
facets - ANS flat articular surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage
heads - ANS upper, rounded end of a bone
Which bone makes up most of the hard palate? - ANS palatine bone
What is diaphysis? - ANS shaft of a long bone
What is the metaphysis? - ANS area between epiphysis and diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? - ANS End of a long bone
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