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Exam- NURS 2750 Exam 4 with Detailed Solutions
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Exam- NURS 2750 Exam 4 with Detailed Solutions• GI/GU Assessment
• Enteral Nutrition
• Urine & Bowel
• Elimination Urine & Bowel
• Regulation & Metabolism 1
• Regulation & Metabolism 2
where does digestion begin and end? Correct-begins in mouth and ends in sm & lg
intestines
what is the primary area of absorption Correct-intestine
_______ is moved through peristalsis and is changed into feces Correct-chyme
the energy needed to maintain life-sustaining activities for a specific period of time at rest
Correct-basal metabolic rate (BMR)
when is BMR increased? Correct-with fever, stress, infection, etc
, Exam- NURS 2750 Exam 4 with Detailed Solutions
need for more calories
the amount of energy that an individual needs to consume over a 24-hour period for the body
to maintain all of its internal working activities while at rest Correct-resting energy
expenditure (REE)
Acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and minerals for each gender and age group
Correct-dietary reference intakes (DRIs)
ovolactovegetarian diet Correct-avoids meat, fish, and poultry, but eats eggs and milk
lactovegetarian diet Correct-drinks milk but avoids eggs
fruitarian diet Correct-consumes fruit, nuts, honey, and olive oil
If patient has abdominal or low back pain, assess character of pain in detail (location, onset,
frequency, precipitating factors, aggravating factors, type of pain, severity, course). Why?
Correct-pattern of characteristics of pain helps determine its source
, Exam- NURS 2750 Exam 4 with Detailed Solutions
Carefully observe patient's movement and position, including lying still with knees drawn up,
moving restlessly to find comfortable position, and lying on one side or sitting with knees
drawn to chest. Why? Correct-positions assumed by patient reveal nature and source of
pain, including peritonitis, renal stones, and pancreatitis
Assess normal bowel habits and stool character; ask if patient uses laxatives. Why?
Correct-data compared with physical findings help identify cause and nature of elimination
problems
Determine if patient has had abdominal surgery, trauma, or diagnostic tests of
gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Why? Correct-Surgical or traumatic alterations of abdominal
organs cause changes in expected findings (e.g., position of underlying organs). Diagnostic
tests change character of stool.
Assess if patient has had recent weight changes or intolerance to diet (e.g., nausea, vomiting,
cramping, especially in last 24 hours). Why? Correct-Data possibly indicate alterations in
upper GI tract (stomach or gallbladder) or lower colon.
, Exam- NURS 2750 Exam 4 with Detailed Solutions
Assess for difficulty in swallowing, belching, flatulence (gas), bloody emesis (hematemesis),
black or tarry stools (melena), heartburn, diarrhea, or constipation. Why? Correct-These
characteristic signs and symptoms indicate GI alterations
Ask if patient takes antiinflammatory medication (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen, steroids) or
antibiotics. Why? Correct-pharmacological agents cause GI upset or bleeding
Ask patient to locate tender areas before examination begins. Why? Correct-assess painful
areas last to minimize discomfort and anxiety
Inquire about family history of cancer, kidney disease, alcoholism, hypertension, or heart
disease. Why? Correct-Data possibly reveal risk for alterations identifiable during
examination.
Determine if female patient is pregnant; note last menstrual period. Why? Correct-
Pregnancy causes changes in abdominal shape and contour.
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