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Pubh 302 Exam 1 Galloway 2024/2025 $16.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

Pubh 302 Exam 1 Galloway 2024/2025

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Pubh 302 Exam 1 Galloway 2024/2025

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  • September 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Pubh 302 Exam 1 Galloway 2024/2025

determinants of health - Precise Answer ✔✔risk factors, risk conditions



can be environmental, social & behavioral influences (not just indiv. influence)



4 Main Types:

•Heredity (16%)*

•Social/Physical Environment (22%)*

•Access to Health Care Services (8%)*

•Behavior (54%)*



risk factors - Precise Answer ✔✔- set of common causes of death, disability, illness and injury

○ Ex: behavioral- smoking, poor diet, lack of PA, alcohol consumption

○ More likely to be under the control of individuals at risk



risk conditions - Precise Answer ✔✔○ Ex: biological (age, sex, genetics), environmental, enforcement of
policies

○ Less likely to be under the control of individuals



lifestyle - Precise Answer ✔✔pattern of behavior; more complex, lifetime habits and social

circumstances



3 levels of prevention - Precise Answer ✔✔***primary, secondary, tertiary***



primary prevention - Precise Answer ✔✔***action taken to advert occurence of disease***

,secondary prevention - Precise Answer ✔✔***action taken to identify diseases at their earliest stages
and to apply appropriate treatments to limit their consequences and severity***



Tetiary prevention - Precise Answer ✔✔***specific interventions to assist diseased or disabled persons
in limiting the effects of their diseases or disabilities; also may include activities to prevent reoccurrence
of disease***



Hippocrates - Precise Answer ✔✔Father of Western Medicine

Causal relationships

● Disease and climate, water, lifestyle, nutrition

● Illness had a physical and rational explanation

****Coined the term "Epidemic"****



William Henry - Precise Answer ✔✔*** 1628 theories of circulation

First to suggest reproduction via sperm and egg

Used dissection to create theories (no microscope) ***



Edward Jenner - Precise Answer ✔✔1796 cowpox experiment

*****Coined the term "Vaccine" (vacca- latin for cow)****



Dr. John Snow - Precise Answer ✔✔-Physician and mathmetician

-Concerned about ****cholera outbreaks****

● ****Made careful observations of disease (who, where)****

● Developed a theory of the source of outbreak

- Basic epidemiology



Edwin Chadwick - Precise Answer ✔✔***Published 3-volume "Survey into the Sanitation Condition of
the Laboring Classes in GB"*** ; Led to reforms in sanitation, healthcare and treatment of

poor/working classes; Appointed Sanitation Commissioner

, Lemuel Shattuck - Precise Answer ✔✔***Developed plan that led to the establishment of Board of
Health in Massachusetts***

First to identify major MA public health issues

● ***Accurate keeping of health records and vital PH stats***

● ***Sanitary inspection system***

● ***Vaccination program***



Louis Pasteur - Precise Answer ✔✔● ***1862 germs caused many diseases***

● 1888 first public health lab



Robert Koch - Precise Answer ✔✔● ***1883 identified the vibrio that caused cholera***

● Discovered tuberculosis bacterium



C. Everett Koop - Precise Answer ✔✔**FIRST SURGEON GENERAL**

Anti-tobacco campaign

● ***Required rotating health warning labels***

● ***Smoke free society by 2000***

● 8 reports on the health consequences of tobacco. ***wrote nicotine was comparable to
heroin/cocaine addiction***. ***made AIDs a priority to health during the 80s (sent pamphlet to all
Americans)***



Ancient Greece - Precise Answer ✔✔- ***Personal hygiene***

- ***Physical fitness (olympics)***

***Naturalistic concept (disease by imbalance between man and his environment) ***



Roman Empire - Precise Answer ✔✔-Adopted Greek health values

-***Great engineers (sewage, aqueducts)***

***Administration collected taxes (public baths, water supply, markets) ***



Middle Ages - Precise Answer ✔✔-Shift away from Greek and Roman values

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