Phil 105 Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
argument - ANSWERS- explicit ways to formulate reason
- includes a conclusion (not intended to establish a conclusion)
- made up of (or expressed in) reason
a) a series of sentences, statements, or propositions
b) where some are the premi...
argument - ANSWERS- explicit ways to formulate reason
- includes a conclusion (not intended to establish a conclusion)
- made up of (or expressed in) reason
a) a series of sentences, statements, or propositions
b) where some are the premises
c) and one is the conclusion
d) where the premises are intended to give a reason for the conclusion
persuading - ANSWERSmaking people believe or do something that they would not otherwise believe or
do (goal: to change your belief or actions)
justifying - ANSWERSshowing someone a reason to believe the conclusion (goal: to give good reasons to
believe something)
causal explanation - ANSWERSexplaining how A causes B
teleological explanation - ANSWERSan explanation of a process that implies that the process is
attempting to attain a goal or fulfill a purpose
formal explanation - ANSWERSexplanation that cites the shape or form of the thing to be explained
material explanation - ANSWERSexplanation that cites the material that makes up the thing to be
explained
Purpose of arguments - ANSWERS1. persuasion
, 2. justification
3. explanation
Linguistic meaning - ANSWERSencompasses both sense and reference
Linguistic meaning can vary with social convention among all speakers of the language
Language - ANSWERSis:
1. important
2. conventional
3. representational
4. social
Accent - ANSWERSan aspect of language that does not affect truth or rationality, so it does not affect
whether arguments are good as arguments
Speech Act - ANSWERSoccurs even if the intended effect does not occur
- apologizing
- advising
- ordering
- concluding
- warning
Linguistic Act - ANSWERSlinguistic act is just the utterance of a meaningful sentence
Conversational Act - ANSWERSoccurs even if the intended effect does not occur
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