NUR 114 Final - Heart Failure Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 114
Institution
NUR 114
What is systolic heart failure? Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively
What are causes of systolic heart failure? Impaired contractile function (MI) Cardiomyopathy Mechanical abnormalities (valvular disease)
What does systolic heart failure result in? Decreased ejection fraction
What i...
NUR 114 Final - Heart Failure Review
Questions and Correct Answers
What is systolic heart failure? ✅Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively
What are causes of systolic heart failure? ✅Impaired contractile function (MI)
Cardiomyopathy
Mechanical abnormalities (valvular disease)
What does systolic heart failure result in? ✅Decreased ejection fraction
What is diastolic heart failure? ✅Inability of the heart to relax and fill during diastole
What is diastolic heart failure caused by? ✅-Left ventricular hypertrophy (stiff
ventricles) from chronic HTN
-Aortic stenosis
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
What does diastolic heart failure result in? ✅Decreased stroke volume and cardiac
output
When you think diastolic heart failure, what should you think? ✅"Pulmonary"
Left-sided heart failure untreated leads to what? ✅Right-sided HF
What are characteristics of left-sided heart failure? ✅Pulmonary congestion (crackles)
Edema (pink frothy secretions)
Dyspnea
Fatigue
Cough
Orthopenia
Nocturnal dyspnea
What do the characteristics of left-sided heart failure occur? ✅Because that is the only
place the blood can back up to
What are characteristics of right-sided heart failure? ✅JVD
Hepatomegaly
Splenegomaly
Vascular congestion of the GI tract
Peripheral edema (in the legs)
, Where does blood back up to in right-sided failure? ✅The right atrium and venous
systemic circulation
Where does blood back up to in left-sided heart failure? ✅The pulmonary veins
What is the first sign of heart failure? What happens as a result? ✅Increased HF &
Increased BP
The lungs try to supply more oxygen
What are nursing interventions for a patient with heart failure (initial)? ✅O2
Fluid restriction
Loop diuretics - lasix
Beta-blocker
High fowlers position
What does a beta-blocker do for a patient with heart failure? ✅Slow down the heart
What is the best way to tell in treatment with diuretics has been successful? ✅DAILY
WEIGHT!
What is decompensating heart failure? ✅Worsening of the symptoms
What are early signs of decompensating heart failure? ✅Pulmonary edema
Increased RR
Decrease in PaO2
What are later signs of decompensating heart failure? ✅Tachypnea (>30)
Respiratory acedemia
Explain the used of nipride: ✅Administered IV
Sianide derivative
Decreases preload and after load
Increases contractile force
Decreased pulmonary congestion
What does natrecor do? ✅Dilates the veins and arteries
What is preload? ✅The amount of blood left after diastole
What is afterload? ✅The resistance the ventricle has to pump against
What does and increase in preload do? ✅Causes dilation
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