UOregon CDS 450 Exam 1
Questions and Answers 100%
Correct
language - ANSWER - a complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that
is used in various modes for thought and communication
code - ANSWER - non-arbitrary, translation of one type of info into another (i.e.
people "code-switch" between multiple dialects)
relationship between word and its referent - ANSWER - arbitrary
conventional - ANSWER - users follow a set of accepted rules (allows for language as
a tool for expression)
reasons for emergence of a language community - ANSWER - geographic, economic,
sociological
communication - ANSWER - the process of sharing information, thoughts, or feelings
between two or more people
modularity - ANSWER - a cognitive science theory about how the human mind is
organized within the structures of the brain
domain-specific - ANSWER - distinct areas of the brain perform distinct tasks (i.e.
language-specific modules)
modules - ANSWER - specialized problem-solving devices in the brain that respond
to information of a restricted type
,domain-general - ANSWER - carry out very general tasks like memory and
reasoning, multiple areas of the brain can assist with a singular task/process
inner language - ANSWER - keeping thoughts and ideas to yourself, the voice in your
head
species specificity - ANSWER - language is unique to humans, no other animals
share this aptitude (some nonhumans have capacity to communicate but not with
depth of understanding or use of language)
semanticity - ANSWER - the quality of language in which words are used as symbols
for objects, events, or ideas, decontextualized info (not bound by current moment
speech - ANSWER - the neuromuscular process that allows humans to turn language
into a sound signal (transmitted through air or other medium)
hearing - ANSWER - sensory system that allows speech to enter into and be
processed by the human brain
4 systems involved in speech - ANSWER - respiration, phonation, resonation,
articulation
phoneme - ANSWER - smallest unit of sound with distinctive meaning ("mama" = 4
phonemes -- /m/ /a/ /m/ /a/)
Is language dependent on speech? - ANSWER - No, language can be produced by
other means (ASL, written words)
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis - ANSWER - the idea that language structures thought and
that ways of looking at the world are embedded in language
linguistic determinism - ANSWER - idea that without language there is no though
, modalities of language - ANSWER - receptive (comprehension) and expressive
(production)
form - ANSWER - combining words/sounds and rules (i.e. phonology/morphology)
content - ANSWER - meanings of words (semantics/lexicon)
use - ANSWER - social rules dictating matching language to the situation
(pragmatics), consider language in context + partners state
word acquisition - ANSWER - label as well as understanding needed, activate related
concept to referent
phonology - ANSWER - rules governing how sounds should be combined to make
words in a language
phonetics - ANSWER - all sounds produced in all languages
phonemics - ANSWER - distribution and function of sounds/words within a given
language
intentional communication - ANSWER - The relationship between the communicative
behavior and referent is not arbitrary (i.e. kid says they are hungry)
iconic communication - ANSWER - subtype of intentional, occur when relationship
between communicative behavior and referent is clear but also inferred (i.e. child
points to bottle)
Spanish/English phonemes - ANSWER - some Spanish phonemes aren't present in
English (and vice versa)
morphology - ANSWER - organization of words, rules of word derivation
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