NUR 353 Exam 1: Reproductive Questions
And Answers
Your pregnant patient has an STD. This is an example of which category risk factor for
reproduction?
a. Biophysical
b. Psychosocial
c. Sociodemographic
d. Environmental - ANS A (Biophysical risk factors include PID, HIV/AIDS, any STD,
chromosomal abnormalities, hypertension, heart failure, type I diabetes, and obesity. Basically,
any medical condition.)
You know that which of the following would be an example of a psychosocial risk factor related
to reproduction?
a. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
b. Secondhand smoking
c. Drug addiction
d. Lack of insurance - ANS C (Psychosocial risk factors include: Isolation, anxiety,
depression, spousal abuse or inter partner violence, drug and alcohol use and addiction.)
You are working with a college student who is planning to become sexually active. She is
requesting a reliable method of birth control that could be easily discontinued if necessary.
Which option should be given the strongest recommendation?
a. Intrauterine device (IUD)
b. Coitus interruptus
c. Natural family planning
d. Oral contraceptive pills - ANS D (Oral contraceptive pills prevent ovulation, are easy to
stop, and are 99% effective in pregnancy prevention. Intrauterine devices, coitus interruptus,
and natural family planning will not prevent ovulation; they should not be recommended for this
college student who desires a reliable method of birth control that can be easily discontinued.)
A 20-year-old woman comes for preconceptual counseling. She wants to get pregnant soon.
Which of the following health-promoting habits would have the highest priority at this time?
a. Immediate tobacco cessation
b. Getting daily exercise
,c. Stopping all caffeine
d. Avoidance of sweets - ANS A (Psychosocial factors affecting pregnancy include
smoking, excessive use of caffeine, alcohol and drug abuse, psychological status including
impaired mental health, an addictive lifestyle, spouse abuse, and noncompliance with cultural
norms. Immediate tobacco cessation would be the highest priority because continued smoking
could be teratogenic if the woman should become pregnant. Smoking causes vasoconstriction
which restricts the amount of oxygen and nutrients to the rapidly growing fetus. Daily exercise
promotes health but would not be the highest priority among these factors. Stopping caffeine
and avoiding sweets are important and can be addressed after tobacco cessation.)
A female patient comes to the clinic at 8 weeks' gestation. She lives in a house beneath
electrical power lines, which is located near an oil field. She drinks two caffeinated beverages a
day, is a daily beer drinker, and has not stopped eating sweets. She takes a multivitamin and
exercises daily. She denies drug use. Which finding in the history has the greatest implication
for this patient's plan of care?
a. Electrical power lines are a potential hazard to the woman and her fetus.
b. Living near an oil field may mean the water supply is polluted.
c. Drinking alcohol should be avoided during pregnancy because of its teratogenic effects.
d. Eating sweets may cause gestational diabetes or miscarriage. - ANS C (Stages of
development include the ovum, the embryo, and the fetus. The embryonic period lasts from the
beginning of the fourth week to the end of the eighth week of gestation. Teratogenicity is a major
concern because all external and internal structures are developing in the embryonic period.
During pregnancy, a woman should avoid exposure to all potential toxins, especially alcohol,
tobacco, radiation, and infectious agents. Living beneath power line or near an oil field is not
teratogenic in itself. Stopping sweets can be addressed after the alcohol cessation is
addressed.)
A married couple present to the preconceptual clinic with questions about how a fetus's
chromosomal sex is established. What is the nurse's best response?
a. At ovulation, chromosomal sex is established.
b. At ejaculation, chromosomal sex is established.
c. At climax, chromosomal sex is established.
d. At fertilization, chromosomal sex is established. - ANS D (Remember that the primary
spermatocyte contains two sex chromosomes, one X chromosome and one Y chromosome,
and the primary oocyte contains two sex chromosomes, both X chromosomes. During the first
reduction division, two secondary spermatocytes are produced, one X and one Y, establishing X
and Y cell lines. The X-bearing cell line is established during oogenesis. Female gametes will all
be X bearing and male gametes will be either X or Y bearing. A female develops through the
fertilization of the ovum by an X-bearing sperm producing an XX zygote; a male is produced
through the fertilization of a Y-bearing sperm producing an XY zygote. Therefore, at fertilization,
chromosomal sex is established. Chromosomal sex is not established at ovulation, ejaculation,
or climax, so these choices are erroneous.)
, The embryonic period is critical because external and internal structures in the fetus are
forming. All teratogens should be avoided from
a. 4 to 8 weeks.
b. 8 to 12 weeks.
c. 12 to 16 weeks.
d. 16 to 20 weeks. - ANS A (The embryonic period lasts from the beginning of the fourth
week to the end of the eighth week. Teratogenicity is a major concern because all external and
internal structures are developing in the embryonic period. A woman should avoid exposure to
all potential toxins during pregnancy, especially alcohol, tobacco, radiation, and infectious
agents. At the end of this period, the embryo has human features. The span of gestation from 8
to 12 weeks, from 12 to 16 weeks, or from 16 to 20 weeks is not within the embryonic stage of
fetal development, when teratogenicity is of greatest concern.)
A nurse at a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who suspects she may be pregnant and asks
the nurse how the provider will confirm her pregnancy. The nurse should inform the client that
which of the following lab tests will be used to confirm her pregnancy?
a. A blood test for the presence of estrogen
b. A blood test for the amount of circulating progesterone
c. A urine test for the presence of human chorionic somatomammotropin
d. A urine test for the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin - ANS D (HCG is
excreted by the placenta and promotes the excretion of progesterone and estrogen. This
hormone is the basis for pregnancy testing.)
A nurse is caring for a client who believes she may be pregnant. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a positive sign of pregnancy?
a. Palpable fetal movement
b. Chadwick's sign
c. Positive pregnancy test
d. Amenorrhea - ANS A (Palpable fetal movements are a positive sign of pregnancy.
Quickening, the client's report of fetal moment, is a presumptive sign of pregnancy. Chadwick's
sign is a probably sign of pregnancy. A positive pregnancy test is a probably sign of pregnancy.
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy.)
A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. The
client's heath record includes this data: G3 T1 P0 A1 L1. How should the nurse interpret this
information? (Select all that apply.)
a. Client has delivered one newborn at term.
b. Client has experienced no preterm labor.
c. Client has been through active labor.
