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Fundamentals of nursing. Perioperative Care Questions and Answers
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Fundamentals of nursing. Perioperative Care
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Fundamentals of nursing. PerioperativeCare
What three parts comprise of perioperative nursing?
What organization sets standards for perioperative nursing practice? - answer1.
Preoperative: Before surgery
2. Intraoperative: During surgery
3. Postoperative: After surgery
- Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN)
What are never events? What institute no longer reimburses costs for never events?
What are some examples of never events (5)? - answer- Never events: Serious and
costly errors resulting in severe consequences for the patient.
- Medicare no longer reimburses never events
- Never events:
1. Surgery on wrong body part
2. Surgery on the wrong patient
3. DVT or PE after hip replacement
4. Foreign body left in patient
5. Surgical site infections
How can surgical procedures be classified (4)?
What do surgical incisions that enter the GI, GU, or respiratory tract have a greater risk
for? - answer1. By body system: *Surgical incisions that enter the GI, GU, or respiratory
tract have a greater risk for infection*
2. By purpose
3. By degree or urgency
4. By degree of risk
What are some examples of by purpose surgical classifications (7)? Describe each
briefly. - answer1. Ablative surgery: Removal of a disease body part; EX:
cholecystectomy
2. Diagnostic (exploratory) surgery: Confirm or rule out a diagnosis; biopsy
3. Palliative surgery: Relieves discomfort or disease symptoms w/o producing a cure;
nerve root destruction
4. Reconstructive surgery: Done to restore function; rotator cuff repair
5. Cosmetic surgery: Improve appearance
, 6. Transplant surgery
7. Procurement surgery: Organ or tissue transplant from someone who is brain dead
What are the degrees of urgency (3)? Describe each briefly.
What are some examples of each? - answer1. Emergency surgery: ASAP transport to
operating room; internal hemorrhage, organ rupture and trauma are examples
2. Urgent surgery: 24 to 48 hrs to alleviate symptoms, repair a body part, or restore
function; removal of a cancerous breast and internal fixation of a fracture are examples
3. Elective surgery: Surgery is recommended but not time-sensitive; torn ligament,
rhinoplasty, and removal of rectal polyps are examples
What are the two degrees of risk in surgery? What are some examples of each? -
answer- Major surgery: Associated with a high-degree of risk; high-potential for blood
loss, involves vital organs, complicated/prolonged procedure, and significant/potential
post-operative risks:
1. CABG
2. Organ transplant
3. Nephrectomy
4. Colon resection
- Minor surgery: Performed on an outpatient basis and involves little risk and fewer
complications:
1. Arthroscopy
2. Breast biopsy
3. Hernia repair
What are some factors contributing to surgical risk (5)? - answer1. Age/personal
habits/allergies
2. Type of wound
3. Preexisting conditions
4. Mental status
5. Medications: Some herbal medications may cause BP to increase
What pre-existing conditions affect surgical risk (9)? - answer1. Cardiovascular
diseases
2. Coagulation disorders
3. Chronic respiratory disorders
4. Renal disease
5. DM
6. Liver disease
7. Neurological disorders
8. Nutritional disorders
9. Infections (Upper respiratory and acute infections)
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