Exam (elaborations)
Perioperative Exam Questions and Answers 2024
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Exam of 10 pages for the course Perioperative at Perioperative (Perioperative Exam)
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Perioperative ExamPerioperative Phases - answer- preoperative
- intraoperative
- postoperative
Categories of Surgical Procedures - answer- diagnostic
- curative
- restorative
- palliative
- cosmetic
- urgency
- degree of risk
- extent
*Diagnostic* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer determines origin and cause of
disorder
- Ex: breast biopsy
*Curative* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer resolves health problem by
repairing or removing cause
- Ex: appendectomy, hysterectomy, cholecystectomy
*Restorative* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer Improves patient's functional
ability
- Ex: TKR, implants
*Palliative* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer relieves symptoms of disease
process, but does not cure
- Ex: debulking, might have a tumor that hinders breathing or is uncomfortable
*Cosmetic* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer alters/enhances personal
appearance
*Urgency* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer- elective (tonsillectomy)
- urgent
- emergent
*Degree of Risk* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer- minor
- major
*Extent* Category of Surgical Procedure - answer- simple
, - radical
- minimally invasive (MIS)
Preoperative Period - answer- *begins* when the patient is scheduled for surgery
- *ends* at time of transfer to surgical suite (intraoperative)
In the *preoperative period* the nurse functions as: - answer- educator
- advocate
- promoter of health and safety
Nursing Considerations for the Older Preoperative Patient - answer- greater incidence
of chronic illnesses
- greater incidence of malnutrition
- more allergies
- decreased immune system
- increased risk of cardiopulmonary complications after surgery
- increased risk for falls
- mental status changes
- delayed wound healing
- age related changes in renal and liver function
Older Adults: Age Related Changes as Surgical Risk Factors - answer*decreased*
- cardiac output
- renal perfusion
- peripheral circulation
- blood oxygenation
- lung vital capacity
- decreased reaction time
*increased*
- blood pressure
- risk for skin damage
- deformities r/t osteoporosis or arthritis
Factors that Increase the Risk of Postop Complications - answer- infection
- anemia
- hypovolemia
- electrolyte imbalance
- age
- pregnancy
- respiratory/cardiac disease
- diabetes
- hepatic/renal disease
- endocrine disorders
- immune disorders
- coagulation problems
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