Exam (elaborations)
UTA Nurs 5334 Module 4 part 2
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UTA Nurs 5334 Module 4 part 2
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Name: Score:178 Multiple choice questions
Definition 1 of 178
is a unique drug approved for ADHD in children and adults. first nonstimulant approved for
ADHD, and one of only three drugs approved for ADHD in adults. responses develop slowly: the
initial response takes a few days to develop, and the maximal response is seen in 1 to 3 weeks.
is a selective inhibitor of NE reuptake and hence causes NE to accumulate at synapses. is rapidly
and completely absorbed after oral administration. Plasma levels peak in 1 to 3 hours, depending
on whether the drug was taken without or with food.
is metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2D6 (the 2D6 isoenzyme of cytochrome P450). For
most patients, the half-life is 5 hours.
Adverse effects include gastrointestinal reactions, reduced appetite, dizziness, somnolence,
mood swings and trouble sleeping.
Fluoxetine (prozac)
Buspirone (buspar)
Methylphenidate (ritalin)
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Definition 2 of 178
decreases the effect of oral concraceptive, warfarin, and glucocorticoids
increases levels of diazepam, isoniazid, cimetidine, alcohol, and vampiric acid
phenytoin drug interactions
carbamezapine interactions
Valproic acid adverse effects
phenobarbital
,Definition 3 of 178
Benzodiazepines are first-choice drugs
Benefits derive from enhancing responses to GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Onset of
benefits is immediate, and the margin of safety is high.
AE: are sedation and psychomotor slowing. Patients should be warned about these effects and
informed that they will subside in 7 to 10 days.should be used with caution in patients known to
abuse alcohol or other psychoactive substances.
Long-term use of carries a risk for physical dependence. Withdrawal symptoms include panic,
paranoia, and delirium. These can be especially troubling for patients with GAD.
Acute anxiety treatments
Amphetamines adverse effects
Benzodiazepines drug interactions
Alcohol side effects
Definition 4 of 178
are used for a diverse spectrum of psychotic disorders: schizophrenia, delusional disorders,
bipolar disorder, depressive psychosis, and drug induced psychosis
used to suppress emesis and to treat Tourette syndrome and Huntington chorea. These drugs
should not be used to treat dementia-related psychosis in older adults due to risk for increased
mortality.
Antiparkinsonian agents
Amphetamines
Antipsychotic agents
Trihexyphenidyl and benztropine
,Definition 5 of 178
is a unique antidepressant that has stimulant actions and suppresses appetite. The effects begin in
1-3 weeks. The mechanism unclear but may be related to the blockade of dopamine or Ne
reuptake. The drug does not affect serotonergic, cholinergic, or histaminergic transmission and
does not inhibit MAO. 2 antidepressant indications: major depressive disorder and prevention of
seasonal affective disorder.
It is also approved as an aid to stop smoking. Unlabeled uses include relief of neuropathic pain,
treatment of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, and ADHD
Drug interactions include sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and MAOIs.
Mirtazapine
Varenicline
Venlafaxine
Bupropion
Term 6 of 178
four major groups of sedative-hypnotics:
barbiturates (e.g., secobarbital), benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam), benzodiazepine-like
drugs (e.g., zolpidem), and new agents with unique mechanisms of action (suvorexant,
ramelteon).
nystagmus, ataxia, leukopenia, anemia, throbocytopenia, birth defects, hypo osmolarity risk
and photophobia
BBW: Steven johnson syndrome in patient with HL-B1502 gene
dizziness, somnolence, blurred vision, significant weight gain, difficulty thinking, headache,
peripheral edema and dry mouth. Hypersensitivity reactions include life-threatening
angioedema and rhabdomyolysis
a pro-drug
converted into phenytoin when metabolized
active against both generalized tonic clonic and partial seizures
AE: temporary parathesia and itching in the groin (temporary)
, Definition 7 of 178
They should not be given with other CNS depressants. Tolerance can build up with prolonged use
to some effects but not to others.
can cause physical dependence, but the incidence of substantial dependence is low. Alprazolam
carries the greatest problem with dependence. These drugs should be used short term and
tapered slowly
Acute anxiety treatments
benzodiazepine Therapeutic uses
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Benzodiazepines drug interactions
Term 8 of 178
Schizophrenia drug therapy goals
"conventional anti-psychotics"
They produce a strong blockade of receptors for dopamine in the central nervous system.
As a result, they all can cause serious movement disorders known as extra pyramidal
symptoms (EPS).
block receptors for dopamine, acetylcholine, histamine, and norepinephrine.
dizziness, somnolence, blurred vision, significant weight gain, difficulty thinking, headache,
peripheral edema and dry mouth. Hypersensitivity reactions include life-threatening
angioedema and rhabdomyolysis
suppression of acute episodes, prevention of acute exacerbations and maintenance of the
highest possible level of functioning.
Drugs should be selected based on effectiveness, tolerability, and cost.
suppress discharge if neurons within a seizure focus and suppress propagation of seizure
activity from the focus of other areas of the brain
suppression of sodium and calcium influx, antagonism of glutamate, and potentiation of
GABA.
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