NUR 257 CONCEPTS OF AGING EXAM 2
| QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
RATED A+ | LATEST 2024
What population is the largest user group of prescription and over-the-
counter medications
- Correct Answer - 65 and older
•Pharmacokinetics is the
- Correct Answer - movement of a drug throughout the body from the point
of its administration as it is
•Absorbed
•Distributed
•Metabolized
•Excreted
Absorption age-related changes: (5)
- Correct Answer –
•Increased gastric pH
•Delayed stomach emptying
,•Changes in gastrointestinal motility
•Drug-Drug interactions
•Drug-Food interactions
Distribution age-related changes: (4)
- Correct Answer –
reduced serum albumin level
decreased lean body mass
decreased total body water
increased body fat
Metabolism age-related changes: (5)
- Correct Answer –
O Reduced hepatic activity
o Mass
o Volume
o Blood flow
o Clearance
Excretion age related changes: (3)
,- Correct Answer –
O Significant decline in kidney function
O Decreased glomerular filtration rate
O Decreased creatinine clearance
Pharmacodynamics
- Correct Answer - what the drug does to the body
known mechanisms...
- Correct Answer -
•Decreased response to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulators and blockers
•Decreased baroreceptor sensitivity
•Increased sensitivity to anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, opioid
analgesics, warfarin, and the cardiac drugs diltiazem and verapamil
Polypharmacy
- Correct Answer - use of multiple medications
•Five or more medications
•Multiple medications for the same problem
•Increased risk for drug interactions
, •Increased risk for adverse events
•Polypharmacy increases the risk for
- Correct Answer - the frequency of medication-medication interactions
potential medication interactions examples
- Correct Answer - ace inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics
warfarin and any antibiotics or IBU
macrolide and either calcium channel blocker or digoxin
Commonly observed adverse reactions in older adults include drug-induced
- Correct Answer - delirium, confusion, and lethargy
Misuse of drugs includes:
- Correct Answer - •Overuse
•Underuse
•Erratic use
•Contraindicated use
How may it be accidental or deliberate?
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