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Module 1. The Perioperative Environment Questions with correct Answers
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Module 1. The Perioperative Environment
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Module 1. The PerioperativeEnvironment
Concepts critical to the perioperative environment focus on - answer• Establishing
geographic isolation within the facility
• Obtaining bacteriologic isolation through specific practices intended to prevent cross-
contamination from or to other areas of the facility
• Centralizing equipment and supplies to provide immediate access to specific items
needed for surgery without requiring that personnel leave the protected area
Individualized Care vs Standardized Care - answer• Individualized care reflects the art
of nursing, the "unique approach" to meeting the individual needs of the patient. This
may include providing comfort measures to allay the fears of the patient, wiping tears, or
holding a hand as the patient is being anesthetized for surgery.
• Standardized care is derived from a body of scientific knowledge that has been
developed through research and clinical practice. Standards set the expectations of the
full professional role within which the nurse practices. An example of standardized
practice would be counting sponges for all procedures in which the possibility exists that
a sponge could be retained.
Restricted Zone - answerThe restricted zone, where operating rooms are located, is
located within the semi-restricted area and is only accessible through a semi-restricted
area. It includes the actual OR where surgical or other invasive procedures are
performed.
• Air flow in the OR rooms should be cleaned by a HEPA filter
• Masks are required when open sterile supplies are present
• The air should be under positive pressure
• 20 air exchanges per hour with a minimum of 4 of the exchanges from outdoor air
• The temperature should be generally maintained between 68° F and 75° F (20° C -
24° C)
• The relative humidity should be maintained between 20% - 60% at all times
Semi-Restricted Zone - answerIncludes peripheral support areas.
Semi-restricted includes:
• Equipment and sterile supply storage
• Sterile processing department
• Sterile processing decontamination area
• Pre-op holding and PACU (for some facilities, depending on design and access
routes)
Unrestricted Zone - answerUnrestricted includes:
,• Pre-op holding area
• Waiting rooms
• PACU (for some facilities, depending on design and access routes)
• Endoscopy Suite
• Pain clinic/procedure room
• Locker room
lab, blood bank, and pathology lab may be in found in this zone
Two-Piece Scrub Suit - answerThe two-piece scrub suit is a garment constructed of lint-
free material that minimizes bacterial shedding. The top of a two-piece scrub suits
should be secured at the waist, tucked into the pants, or fit closely to the body to
prevent skin cells from being dispersed into the environment.
Warm-up jacket - answerThe warm-up jacket is snapped up the front and has cuffs
down to the wrists.
Sterile Gown - answerA sterile gown is worn over the scrub suit as a part of the
requirements for the sterile team. Gowns may be made of disposable or reusable
material and should be resistant to "strike-through" by fluids.
Head Cover - answer• Hair is a source of gross contamination. It acts as a filter and
collects bacteria.
• All hair should be covered before surgical attire is donned.
• The head cover may be a shower cap style (bonnet or bouffant) or a hood.
• All hair must be confined and covered including sideburns and neckline hair. Because
most typical skull caps do not contain sideburns and neckline hair, they should not be
worn. If worn, however, they should be covered with a bouffant cap.
• Head covers should also be worn in areas where equipment and supplies are
processed and stored.
Responsibilities' of the Circulating RN: - answer• providing emotional support to patient
before anesthesia induction;
• performing ongoing patient assessment;
• verifying accurate and complete preparation of supplies, instruments, and equipment
preoperatively for each patient;
• creating and maintaining a safe environment;
• implementing and enforcing policies and procedures;
• preparing specimens;
• coordinating nursing care from other health care team members for each patient;
• communicating information to other members of health care team and family; and
• documenting patient care.
Important examples of activities that are made possible with perioperative nursing
documentation: - answer• Billing documents for finance and accounting
• Supply and equipment inventory
, • Communication of patient care by caregivers
The first form of documentation is patient charting. This documentation provides a basis
for future reference to be used for things like: - answer• Ensure the quality of patient
care
• Reconstruct a personal experience record
• As evidence in a court of law
A key feature of the Perioperative Patient-Focused Model is the emphasis on: -
answerOutcome-driven care
AORN's Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice: - answerset forth the expectations of the
professional role within which the nurse practices.
A nurse gathers data on a patient's past medical history, allergies, and current
medications. What phase of the nursing process is being used in these activities? -
answerAssessment
During the admission interview, a patient tells the nurse she is afraid she will not wake
up after the surgery. A possible nursing diagnosis is: - answerFear related to unknown
outcome of surgery.
Which of the following best describes evidence-based medicine? - answerThe use of
theory-derived, research-driven information to make decisions about the care delivered
to individuals or groups
Performance improvement program participation is important to the perioperative nurse
because: - answerinvolvement can strengthen the nurse's commitment to meeting
standards and enhance program effectiveness.
The perioperative nurse is best situated to foster collegiality and collaboration among
the variety of disciplines functioning in the perioperative setting because:nurses are
more accountable to their patients and use best practices. - answernurses are more
accountable to their patients and use best practices.
Advanced practice nurses include which of the following? - answerNurse practitioners
and clinical nurse specialists
To protect the consumer's rights, the nurse could consider the following questions: -
answer• What is your name and birth date?
• What surgery are you going to have performed today?
• On which side is your surgery going to be performed?
• What is your surgeon's name?
• Do you have any questions?
• Is there someone to whom you would like us to give a report during or after surgery?
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