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Human Growth And Development
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8/31/23Development describes all the physical and psychological changes individuals undergoes in a
lifetime
Developmental psychology is the scientific discipline that attempts to describe and explain
these changes by fact-finding procedures
What is Theory?
Theory: A set of ideas or propositions that helps to organize and explain observable
phenomena.
● Theories serve to organize facts about a particular subject of study, and they guide
further research
● Theories explain research findings in an orderly and predictable fashion
● Theory and research also help in formulating social policies that affect children and their
development
Theory should be able to:
● Describe behavior from month 6-8
● ExplainSo Distance = Speed x Time
● 33.39 + 34.272 + 34.456 + 34.204 + 33.37 + 33.891 + 34.085 = 237.6/7 = 33.95 how and why
infants develop this strong desire to bond with caregivers
● Predict consequences of emotional bond for future relationships
Periods of Development
Prenatal Conception to birth
Infancy and toddlerhood Birth to 2 years
Early childhood 2 to 6 years
Middle childhood 6 to 11 years
Adolescence 11 to 18 years
Emerging Adulthood 18 to mid- to late 20s
Five Major Themes in Developmental Psychology
How do nature and nurture interact in development:
● The nature-nurture controversy asks whether genetics or environment factors are more
important underlying causes of development
, ● Nature means inofrn biological givens-the hereditary information we receive from our parents at
the moment of conception that signals the body to grow and affects all out characteristics and
skills
● Nurture means the complex forces of the physical and social world
Continuous: Do children go through gradual stages?
Discontinuous: do children go through a series of stages?
How do the various domains of development interact?
Cognitive, social, emotional and physical development do not operate in isolation.
EX: changes in physical development can lead to changes in social and cognitive development
What factors promote risk or resilience in development?
Development proceeds along different paths and different rates from one individual to the next
Many children face different risks, such as exposure to disease or being raised by abusive parents?
Resilient children are those who seem to be able to cope with risk factors.
How can traumatic situations hinder one's development?
ACES
Risk is essentially the “troubles” that may occur to the kids especially
Resilience is how the kids respond or bounce back from the risks
9/1/23
Risk or Resilience in Super Nanny
● Mom(Denise) yells at Meghann and Meghann yells back
● Mom isolates herself from the family
● Mom yells and tries to forcefully grab the phone from Meghann with Meghann biting her
● Paul (Dad) says the reason is that they are so chaotic because they’re not working with each
other
● Meghann doesn’t want any change in the house so she’s angry that she doesn’t have control
9/5/23
Pg 47-49 yellow pages
9/6/23
Who is the founder of Under Armour? Kevin Plank
How did the brand Under Armour start? Kevin dreamed of a non-sweaty T-shirt
What is Under Armour famous for? For its compressions shirts and undergarments
What was Under Armour originally called? Body Armour
What is the Under Armour symbol? Two U’s making a U and a A for Under Armour
, Where did the Founder go to School? Graduated St. John’s High School and went to University of
Maryland
9/18/23
Ways of gathering data on kids:
Questionnaires
Surveys
Observation
Experiment
Naturalistic observation
Interpreting results
Drawing conclusions; stating limitations of the study and suggestions for future search
Making your findings available to others (both to share information and to have your work scrutinized by
others
1. Begin with a broad area of interest
2. Gain entrance into a group to be researched
3. Gather field notes about the setting, the people, the structure, the activities or other areas of
interest
4. Ask open ended questions, broad “grand tour” types of questions when interviewing subjects
5. Modify research questions as study continues
6. Note patterns or consistencies
7. Explore new areas deemed important by the people being observed 8. Report findings
Observational Studies
This may take place in the natural setting, such as observing children at play at a park, or behind a
one-way glass while children are at play in a laboratory playroom.
See how people behave rather than relying on self-report.
Do not allow the researcher to explain causal relationships
Experiments
Test hypothesis (or specific statements about the Relationship between variables) in a controlled setting
in efforts to explain certain factors or events produce outcomes.
A variable is anything that changes in value.
Researcher must specify exactly what is going to be measured in the study.
1. The independent and dependent variables must be related
2. The cause must come before the effect
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