Class notes
ANTH 101 Unit 1 Exam Study Guide
- Institution
- Queens College
This is a comprehensive and detailed study guide on Exam 1 for Anth 101. *Essential Study Material!!
[Show more]
Content preview
ANTH 101 Prof. Leynse Unit 1 Study GuideModules 1-3
Anthropology - 8/27/20
● Anthropology is the study of the full scope of human diversity, past and present, and
the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds better
understand one another.
● allow you to explore humanity's great cultural diversity;
● provide you the analytical tools necessary to better understand our world;
● deepen your understanding so that you may develop creative solutions for our shared
future.
● the Holistic Study of Human Cultures in all their complexity
● a "4-Fields" Approach:
■ Archaeology
■ Cultural Anthro
■ Linguistic Anthro
■ Biological/Physical Anthro
2. Archaeology - study of our human past
3. Armchair vs. verandah approach -
● Armchair:
● - not conducting own research
● Verandah:
● - leaving the safety of ones poarch to mingle with the local people
4. Bronislaw Malinowski - 9/15/20 ;
● father of fieldwork
● Across the Pacific Ocean, Bronisław Malinowski (1884–1942) went even further than
Boas in developing cultural anthropology’s research methods. Malinowski, a Polish
citizen who later became a leading figure in British anthropology, found himself stuck for
a year on the Trobriand Islands as a result of World War I.
5. Claude Levi-Strauss - (from google) A french anthropologist whose work was key in the
development of the theory of structuralism and structural anthropology.
6. Clifford Geertz - the key figure in this interpretivist approach; urged anthropologists to explore
culture primarily as a symbolic system in which even simple, seemingly straightforward actions
can convey deep meanings
7. Comparative approach - considers the life experiences of people in every part of the world,
comparing and contrasting cultural beliefs.
8. Cultural anthropology - the study of people’s communities, behaviors, beliefs, and institutions,
including how people make meaning as they live, work, and play together
● the study of human cultures
● ethnography(case study)- specific case study, going into details and focusing on
describing one culture
● ethnology(comparative)- take all ethnography?
● cultural borrowing/spread of ideas & objects
9. Cultural materialism - Marvin Harris, material conditions like technology and environment
determine patterns of social organizations
,10. Cultural relativism - 9/10/20 in hw section
● understanding a group's beliefs and practices within their own cultural context,
without making judgments
11. Culture - A system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that
are created, learned, shared and contested by a group of people
12. Culture and personality - anthropologist who examine theoretical perspective that focuses on
culture as principal force in shaping personality of a society as well as on the role of personality
in the maintenance of cultural institutions
13. Culture shock - 9/10/20 in hw section
● a sense of disorientation caused by the overwhelmingly new and unfamiliar people
and experiences encountered every day
● Anthropologists might feel culture shock again when returning home bc everything is
so different
14. Diffusion - borrowing of cultural traits and patterns from other cultures- to explain apparent
similarities. spread of ideas and objects
15. Edward (E.B.) Tylor - (1832-1917) was considered an “armchair anthropologist” because he
did not conduct his own research.
16. Emic vs. etic - 9/10/20 in hw section
● Emic: description of local behavior and beliefs from the anthropologist's perspective in
ways that can be compared across cultures
● etic: the analysis and comparison of ethnographic data across cultures
○ Viewing the local community from the Anthropologist perspective as an
outsider
17. Empiricism - 9/10/20
● the practice of conducting studies through direct observation and objective description
18. Enculturation - 9/3/20;
● the process of learning culture; cultural info is transmitted
● culture learned & taught
● Enculturation is both informal and formal
● because culture is a shared experience, enculturation occurs through communication
and the establishment of patterns of behavior, or practice
● in this way, enculturation- like culture- is symbolic (using language and other symbols)
and patterned.
19. Ethnocentrism - 9/3/20;
● this is what anthropologist call the process of learning culture; judging one culture
based on another
20. Ethnographic fieldwork - 9/10/20 in hw section
● the unique set of practices that cultural anthropologists have developed to put people
first as we analyze how human societies work.
● A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology typically involves living and
interacting with a community of people over an extended period to better understand
their lives.
● Fieldwork experience is considered an essential part of an anthropologist's training
, 21. Ethnography - 9/3/20; is the study of people and culture- researcher observes society from
the POV of the subject and immerses themselves in another culture
● How do Anthropologist write ethnography?
○ polyvocality
○ reflexivity
○ tone and style
○ ethnographic authority
○ experiments in ethnographic writing
● How do anthropologists use ethnography?
○ Research
○ Applied anthropology
○ engaged anthropology
22. Ethnology - an approach to gathering data that investigates how local people think and how they
understand the world
23. Explicit culture - culture that people can talk about and are aware of
24. External cultural change - contact with people through migration, trade, marriage and other
interactions
25. Field notes - written observations and reflections on places, practices, events and interviews
26. Fieldwork - 9/10/20 in hw section
● How do anthropologists get started conducting fieldwork?
○ Preparation
○ Strategies
○ Mapping: the analysis of the physical and/or geographic space where fieldwork is
being conducted
○ analysis rapport
27. Four-field approach - these interrelated fields are biological anthropology, archeology, linguistic
anthropology, and cultural anthropology. Taken together, these represent a holistic approach for
examining the complexity of human origins and human culture, past and present.
● a "4-Fields" Approach:
1. Archaeology
2. Cultural Anthro
3. Linguistic Anthro
4. Biological/Physical Anthro
28. Franz Boas- 9/10/20
● holistic view: 4 fields,
● in person data collection,
● "salvage ethnography”
● cultural relativism
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anyiamgeorge19. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now