PSY 3304 Review Exam Questions With Correct And Revised Answers
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Course
PSY 3304
Institution
PSY 3304
PSY 3304 Review Exam Questions With
Correct And Revised Answers
To understand humans, one needs only to know about environmental rewards and punishments.
This statement would most likely be endorsed by a strict - answerbehaviorist
Several presidents have been given conflicting advice during war...
PSY 3304 Review Exam Questions With
Correct And Revised Answers
To understand humans, one needs only to know about environmental rewards and punishments.
This statement would most likely be endorsed by a strict - answer✔✔behaviorist
Several presidents have been given conflicting advice during wartime. Some advisers urged the
president to pursue a peaceful solution; others urged him to escalate bombing to overcome the
enemy. These presidents did not want to go down in history as the first U.S. president to lose a
war, so they have chosen to escalate, thereby prolonging the war. According to your text, this
decision was most likely a consequence of the motive to - answer✔✔justify previous actions
Why is a scientific approach preferable to reliance on folk wisdom and common sense? -
answer✔✔Folk wisdom and common sense are filled with contradictions
Sometimes when we encounter behavior that is unpleasant or unexpected, we assume that
something about the person—and not the situation—caused the behavior. In this sense, lay
people are most like - answer✔✔personality psychologists
Professor Jaffrey believes that children learn to be polite when they are rewarded for saying
things like "please" and "thank you." Professor Jaffrey is most likely a ________ psychologist -
answer✔✔behavioral
The social cognition approach compares people to amateur - answer✔✔detectives
You've heard that members of a certain fraternity or sorority are snobs. Whenever you see
members of that fraternity or sorority, you look down and hurry past them. When they don't greet
you, you say to yourself, "Just like I thought—they're all arrogant snobs." You have experienced
a phenomenon known as - answer✔✔the self-fulfilling prophecy
Which of the following questions is most likely to be asked by a social psychologist? -
answer✔✔What situations cause people to behave rudely?
How would a personality psychologist most likely explain the mass suicide in Jonestown? -
answer✔✔People who have traits of being unstable are more likely to join cults.
Rahid's server in the restaurant just can't seem to get his order right. If Rahid has just read
Chapter 1 on social influence and is thinking more like a social psychologist than before, what
would he be most likely to think? - answer✔✔"This person must have had a bad morning."
According to the definition of social psychology presented in your text, social psychology is the
study of how ________ affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of humans. - answer✔✔the
presence of real or imagined others
Assil has an educated guess about the social behavior of teenagers when their high school team
wins the football game. That means that she has a(n) ______ about how the teens behave. -
answer✔✔hypothesis
Rashim is viewed by most people he knows as rude, brusque, and completely unconcerned with
other people's feelings. He, in contrast, describes himself as efficient and task-oriented. Rahim's
self-description best reflects the motive to - answer✔✔justify our past behavior.
The word "construal" refers to - answer✔✔personal interpretations.
The tendency most people have to discount situational explanations of behavior in favor of
personality characteristics or traits is called the - answer✔✔fundamental attribution error.
Karen returns home from her first year of college, and is very proud of her first-year GPA. She
earned a 3.0 ("B") average. She's unhappily surprised to discover that her parents are
disappointed that she didn't perform better. This difference in interpretation illustrates the power
of ________ in explaining social behavior. - answer✔✔construals
Ross and colleagues (2004) randomly assigned participants previously identified as either
competitive or cooperative to one of two games: the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community
Game." They found that two-thirds of the players in the "Wall Street Game" behaved
competitively compared to one-third of people who played the "Community Game" who
behaved competitively. What do these findings suggest? - answer✔✔Seemingly minor aspects of
a social situation can override personality differences.
In trying to make sense of the mass suicide in Jonestown, a behaviorist would probably examine
the - answer✔✔rewards and punishments that Jim Jones used to influence his followers.
Complete the following analogy, based on information from your text: behaviorism: ________
as Gestalt psychology: ________. - answer✔✔rewards; perceptions
Consider the following research question: "Have no-fault divorce laws increased the rate of
divorce in the United States?" This question is most likely to be asked by a -
answer✔✔sociologist.
By degree of their level of analysis, which of the following reflects the narrowest to broadest
focus? - answer✔✔personality psychology, social psychology, sociology
Which research method allows the researcher to focus on causality? - answer✔✔experimental
methods
Which of the following is the best illustration of a self-fulfilling prophecy? - answer✔✔Ryan
heard that Grace is opinionated; upon meeting her, he strikes up a conversation about politics and
finds that she is willing to express her opinion.
Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining
our thoughts and behaviors. According to your textbook authors, these are the need to ________
and the need to ________. - answer✔✔be as accurate as possible; feel good about ourselves
Recall that Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) told teachers that some of their students were
"bloomers." Consequently, those students actually performed better than students who were not
labeled as bloomers. This finding suggests that - answer✔✔teachers' expectations were powerful
in influencing the bloomers' behaviors
When researchers say that there is a relationship between two variables, this means -
answer✔✔that you can predict one from the other.
Which of the following pairs of variables are most likely to be negatively correlated? -
answer✔✔calories consumed; weight loss
The tendency most people have to discount situational explanations of behavior in favor of
personality characteristics or traits is called the - answer✔✔fundamental attribution error
Social psychologists use the term ________ to describe the way in which people perceive,
comprehend, and interpret their social worlds. - answer✔✔construal
Why is it unwise to conclude that if two variables are correlated, one must have caused the
other? - answer✔✔Some unmeasured third variable might make them appear related when in
fact they are not.
Complete the analogy: correlation: __________:: experiment: __________. - answer✔✔relate;
cause
Which of the following is a consequence of underestimating the power of social influence? -
answer✔✔We tend to oversimplify complex situations.
Social psychology is set apart from other ways of interpreting social behavior such as folk
wisdom or literature because it is - answer✔✔an experimental science.
In an experiment, the independent variable is ________ and the dependent variable is ________.
- answer✔✔varied; measured
Julia reads a research study which shows that when children have a mother who talks about
emotions with them, the children tend to be more empathetic. Julia scoffs, "This is obvious; I
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