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Summary Biol 105 Chapter 9-12 quiz Study Guide
- Course
- Bio 105
- Institution
- Queens College
Chapter 9-12 quiz Study Guide for Biol 1505. *Enjoy!!
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BIO LAB QUIZ 2Questions Lab #8
● 4 main stages of embryology:
➔ cleavage= fertilized egg doing rapid cell division to form the embryo.
➔ Blastula= Blastulation is the early stage of embryonic development that occurs
immediately after fertilization in which the zygote undergoes a series of rapid cell
divisions to form a hollow ball of cells called a blastula. The blastula contains a fluid-filled
cavity called the blastocoel and is composed of a single layer of cells called the
blastoderm or blastodisc.In the blastula there are three different germs layer: endo
ecto,meso and they give rise to
➔ Gastrulation: cells move around and inward and trigger differentiation and organ
formation.
➔ Neurulation: during which the neural plate forms along the dorsal midline of the embryo
and folds inward to create the neural tube, which eventually develops into the brain and
spinal cord.
, ❖ EGG: In frogs, there are no protective extraembryonic membranes surrounding the
embryo. This means that the developing embryo is exposed to the external environment,
and there is no physical barrier to protect it from harm. Therefore, frog eggs are often
laid in water or moist environments where the developing embryo can obtain the
necessary moisture and nutrients for survival.
❖ Distinctive structures during gastrulation: In frogs, the blastopore is the opening that
forms during gastrulation, where cells move inward and form a structure called the
archenteron. The archenteron eventually develops into the digestive system of the frog.
❖ The primitive streak in chicks is a structure that forms during gastrulation, where cells at
the top of the blastodisc begin to migrate inward, creating a thickened line. The cells
continue to move inward and form a structure called the notochord, which will eventually
become the spinal cord. The primitive groove is a depression that forms within the
primitive streak, which marks the beginning of the development of the nervous system.
❖ So in summary, the blastopore and archenteron are specific structures that form during
gastrulation in frogs and are involved in the development of the digestive system, while
the primitive streak and groove in chicks are structures involved in the formation of the
nervous system.
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