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DAT Biology Actual Test Solved with Complete Verified Answers

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  • DAT Biology
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  • DAT Biology

promoter region for mRNA transcription, describe it - TATA sequence (TATA box) help attract RNA polymerase In prokaryotes what is needed for the RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter - Sigma factors Sigma factors bind with RNA Polymerase to form - RNA polymerase holoenzyme and now has the abil...

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  • September 7, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • DAT Biology
  • DAT Biology
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KenAli
DAT Biology Actual Test Solved with
Complete Verified Answers

What happens to malic acid in CAM - ✔✔Stored in vacuole during the night and then
decarboxylated during the day where O2 concentration is low (stomata closed)



Cyclin allosterically activates - ✔✔CDK



CDK (cyclin dependent kinase) - ✔✔The S phase proteins that activates the pre-replication
complexes by phosphorylation.



Signals to the cell that it's able to progress to the next stage



High cyclin= high CDK



Repressor proteins - ✔✔Bind to the promoter to STOP transcription from beginning



The absence of transcription factors - ✔✔DOES NOT stop transcription



They only stimulate the start of gene transcription by attracting RNA to DNA



Up or down regulate transcription



Terminator sequence in DNA - ✔✔Signals end of transcription

Causes RNA poly to disassociate from the DNA

,promoter region for mRNA transcription, describe it - ✔✔TATA sequence (TATA box) help attract
RNA polymerase



In prokaryotes what is needed for the RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter - ✔✔Sigma factors



Sigma factors bind with RNA Polymerase to form - ✔✔RNA polymerase holoenzyme and now has
the ability to target the promoter region of bacterial DNA



In eukaryotes DNA polymerase can not bind directly to the promoter region so it requires -
✔✔Transcription factors



A group of related genes under one promoter is called - ✔✔An operon



The ________ site of DNA regulates by binding to an activator or repressor (transcription factors) -
✔✔Operator



Also upstream the activators can bind to the - ✔✔Enhancers to increase protein transcription



Upstream repressors can bind to - ✔✔Silencers to decrease protein transcription



Do enhancers and silencers have a specific orientation and location? - ✔✔No they are able to
loop around and bind to the activators and repressors



In eukaryotes the terminator sequence has a signal that codes for the stop of transcription called -
✔✔Poly A signal



What does the poly a signal do - ✔✔Stimulates polyadenhlation —-> part of the post transcriptional
modification

,Cleavage furrow uses - ✔✔Microfilaments creating a contractile ring



Fimrae and Cillia are made of - ✔✔Microtubules and can be found in the fallopian tubules and
are inhibited by colchine



In the luteal phase, the ovaries secrete mainly? - ✔✔Progesterone



In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes __ and __ -
✔✔progesterone estrogen



But the end of the female cycle progesterone and estrogen levels are - ✔✔Dropping (negative feed
back loop on hypothalamus and pituitary gland)



The hypothalamus produces what trophic hormone - ✔✔GnRH



What does GnRH release cause - ✔✔Release of LH and FSH from anterior pituitary gland



Where are LH and FSH released from? - ✔✔anterior pituitary



Where are LH and FSH produced? - ✔✔anterior pituitary



What does FSH do in females? - ✔✔Cause ovarian follicles to develop



What follicle produces the most estrogen to release the egg to be ovulated - ✔✔Graafian follicle



Graafian follicle - ✔✔mature follicle that releases a lot of estrogen



What does estrogen do to the endometrium - ✔✔Cause it to thicken

, LH spike due to increase in estrogen causes - ✔✔Ovulation



Ovulation - ✔✔Egg is released from follicle

Release from ovary and travels to Fallopian tube



What happens to the follicle that releases the egg - ✔✔It becomes the corpus luteum



What does the corpus Luteum produce - ✔✔Progesterone



What maintains the corpus luteum - ✔✔LH and FSH levels



Increase in progesterone and estrogen levels cause - ✔✔FSH and LSH levels to drop



Low FSH and LSH causes the corpus luteum - ✔✔To not be maintained this lower progesterone
which stops stimulation of estrogen



If fertilization was to occur what hormone maintains the corpus luteum - ✔✔Human chorionic
gonadotrophin secreted from the placenta thus estrogen and progesterone levels are maintained



Atrioventricular node function - ✔✔brief delay in between the atria contracting and the
contraction of the ventricles



Artioventricular VALVES function - ✔✔prevent back flow of blood from the ventricles into the atria



SA node is the - ✔✔pacemaker of the heart



-depolarization and contraction of the left and right atrium



Where does the AV node send its impulses through - ✔✔bundle of His after delay

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