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Nurs 541 - Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update 2024/2025
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Nurs 541 - Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update 2024/2025
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Nurs 541 - Exam 1 Questions And AnswersLatest Update 2024/2025
a patient has a new-onset hypertension with a systolic blood pressure of 180mm HG. Which test will the
provider order to diagnose this patient? Answer: Fractionated metanephrine levels
a patient has rapid weight gain, amenorrhea without pregnancy, and mild hypertension. Once
confirmatory test are performed, what is a possible treatment for this patient? Answer: pituitary
tumor resection
a patient has unexplained weight loss and the provider notes increased skin pigmentation on light-
exposed skin folds along with palmar creases. which laboratory tests will the provider order? Answer:
-Serum ACTH
-Serum electrolytes
-TB skin testing
an obese patient has recurrent urinary tract infections and reports feeling tired most of the time. What
initial diagnostic test will the provider order in the clinic at this visit? Answer: Hemoglobin A1C
a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus becomes insulin dependent after a year of therapy
with oral diabetes medications. when explaining this change in therapy, the provider will tell the patient
Answer: this is because of the natural progression of the disease
a patient diagnosed with diabetes has a blood pressure of 140/90mm Hg and albuminuria. which initial
action by the primary care provider is indicated for management of this patient? Answer: Consulting
with a nephrologist
,an obese adolescent female patient reports irregular periods and excessive acne. the provider notes an
increased amount of hair on her upper back, shoulders, and upper abdomen. What will the provider do,
based on these findings? Answer: Refer to an endocrinologist for evaluation
a young adult woman is unable to conceive after trying to get pregnant for over 6 months. the woman
reports having irregular periods since the onset of menarche. the provider notes that the woman is
overweight, has acanthosis nigricans, and an excess hair distribution. what does the provider suspect as
the most likely primary cause of these symtpoms? Answer: Polycystic ovary syndrome
a women who has hirsutism with acne, and oligomenorrhea will most likely be treated with which
medication to control these symptoms? Answer: Norgestimate
-progestin with low androgenic activity and is used to suppress testosterone and control symptoms
a patient is in the emergency department with confusion and fatigue and a corrected serum calcium
concentration is 10.8mg/dL. what is the initial treatment for this patient prior to admission to the
inpatient unit? Answer: rapid administration of IV normal saline
-to help kidneys excrete calcium
a patient experiences a carpal spasm when a blood pressure cuff is inflated. what diagnostic testing will
the provider consider evaluating to determine the cause of this finding? Answer: Magnesium and
vitamin D
a patient has low serum calcium associated with low serum albumin. what is the recommended
treatment for this patient? Answer: correction of other serum electrolytes
a patient has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L and a normal blood pressure. Which test should be
performed initially to assist with the differential diagnosis? Answer: Serum magnesium
-hypomagnesium often accompanies hypokalemia indicating the importance of also obtaining a serum
magnesium level
, a patient with normal renal function has a potassium level of 6.0. which underlying cause is possible in
this patient? Answer: adrenocortical deficiency
-hyperkalemia without underlying renal disorder may be caused by Addison's
a hospitalized patient with renal failure is accidentally given parental potassium and has a potassium
level of 7.0 mEq/L. An ECG reveals a normal QRS interval. What is the initial recommended treatment for
this patient? Answer: Insulin and glucose infusion
-lower potassium levels quickly
what is important about increased PAI-1 levels in patients? Answer: they are associated with
metabolic syndrome
-increased PAI-1 levels increase the risk of atherothrombosis
which medication given for patients with metabolic syndrome is most likely to lower PAI-1 levels?
Answer: Metformin
-helps lower plasma PAI-1 levels
which findings are part of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome? Answer: elevated waist
circumference
fasting plasma glucose > or equal to 100mg/dL
triglycerides > or equal to 150mg/dL
which laboratory values representing parathyroid hormone and serum calcium are consistent with a
diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism? Answer: Inappropriate secretion of PTH along with
hypercalcemia
a 40-year old patient with primary hyperparathyroidism has increased serum calcium 0.5mg/dL above
normal without signs of nephrolithiasis. what is the recommended treatment for this patient? Answer:
annual monitoring of calcium, creatinine, and bone density
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