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Excelsior College Health Differences Across the Lifespan 1: Module 3 Exam Q&A 100% Solved
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Excelsior College Health Differences Across the Lifespan 1: Module 3 Exam Q&A 100% Solved Heart Failure Lifestyle Changes - 1. Smoking cessation. Counsel patient/family on the benefits of smoking cessation. 2. Diet: Heart healthy or DASH diet. Patient may have sodium and or fluid restriction ...

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  • September 7, 2024
  • 43
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • excelsior college health differences across the li

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Excelsior College Health Differences

Across the Lifespan 1: Module 3 Exam

Q&A 100% Solved


Heart Failure Lifestyle Changes - ✔✔1. Smoking cessation.

Counsel patient/family on the benefits of smoking cessation.

2. Diet: Heart healthy or DASH diet. Patient may have sodium and

or fluid restriction as per physician/provider.

3. Exercise/activity instructions. May enroll initially in a supervised

exercise program to increase endurance and improve symptoms.

4. Specific patient instructions in regards to what to do if

symptoms get worse. Written instructions of when to seek

immediate and routine medical attention.

5. Advanced Directives Care plan or surrogate decision plan

discussion and ideally documented. Encourage dialogue about

,decisions relating to end of life issues before urgent or emergent

situations occur.

6. Daily weight is used as a means of reflecting ongoing body fluid

status. Patient/family are told if weight gain is more than 2 pounds

(1 kilogram) in one day or more than 5 pounds (2.3 kilograms) in

one week, further action is required..

7. Immunization is highly encouraged. Influenza and

pneumococcal immunization reduce overall mortality and

morbidity.

8. Medication teaching to improve medication adherence.

Aldosterone antagonist:

Spironolactone (Aldactone) - ✔✔ACTION: ↓myocardial fibrosis



SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Potassium sparing diuretic

Avoid potassium supplements

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor:

ACE: lisinopril (Zestril);ramipril (Altace)

,Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARB):

ARB: losartan (Cozaar); valsartan (Diovan) - ✔✔ACTION:Dilate

venules & arterioles; improves renal blood flow; ↓blood fluid

volume.



SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS: ACE inhibitor may cause irritating

cough causing a change to an ARB. May ↑ serum potassium.

Beta Blocker (specific for heart failure):

Bisoprolol (Monocor)

Carvedilol (Coreg)

MetoprololCR/XL (LopressorCR/Toprol XL) - ✔✔ACTION:

↓sympathetic tone; improves cardiac performance; ↓progression

of CHF

, SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Assess for orthostatic

hypotension; may mask signs of hypoglycemia

Vasodilator Nitrate:

Hydralazine (Apresoline)

Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) - ✔✔ACTION: vasodilation



SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Used to treat heart failure in

African American patients. May cause tachycardia, orthostatic

hypotension.

Cardiac glycoside:

Lanoxin (digoxin) - ✔✔ACTION: ↑force of contraction; ↓heart rate



SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Needs very close monitoring for

toxic effect. Eliminated by kidney (need good kidney function) Has

many drug interactions.

Required to take apical pulse before administration

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