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NCE – Rosenthal Exam Questions With
Correct And Revised Answers
____________ research tells whether or not the theory helps solve real world problems. -
answer✔✔Applied
____________ research contributes to a theory. - answer✔✔Basic
____________ research can be replicated using the same methods. - answer✔✔Scientific
If an experiment can be ________________ it is said to be ___________________. -
answer✔✔replicated, reliable
Experiments should emphasize ___________________, which means findings should be
explained in the ______________ and most ________________ way. - answer✔✔parsimony,
simplest, economical
_________ ______________ is another term for parsimony. - answer✔✔Occam's Razor
The most common type of research is known a the _____________ or the so called true
_____________. - answer✔✔experiment, experiment
________________ is keeping out undesirable variables. - answer✔✔Confounding
The ____________ ___________ is the variable the experimenter manipulates. -
answer✔✔Independent variable
The ____________ ___________ is the result/data. - answer✔✔Dependent variable
If a relationship exists, then the ____________ ___________ is somewhat dependent on the
____________ ___________. - answer✔✔dependent variable, independent variable
The group that does not receive the independent variable is known as the _________________
group. - answer✔✔control
The group that does receive the independent variable is known as the
_______________________ group. - answer✔✔experimental
What is the impact of the _____________________ on the ________________________? -
answer✔✔independent variable, dependent variable
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The process of ___________________ ____________________ is used to assign subjects to the
control group and the experimental group. - answer✔✔random sampling
Random sampling keeps the researcher ___________________. - answer✔✔honest
_________-__________________ research fails to use random assignments and lacks a control
group. - answer✔✔Quasi-experimental
All _________________ group studies are considered quasi-experimental research. -
answer✔✔intact
________________ ___________________ is where persons from sub groups, or strata are
collected. - answer✔✔Stratified sampling
In ___________________________ _____________________ sampling, the sample mimics the
population. - answer✔✔Proportional stratified
In ________________ ________________, the researcher randomly selects from an existing
group. - answer✔✔cluster sampling
_________ sampling (_____ sampling), a popular technique, is also referred to as _________
sampling. - answer✔✔Nth, Kth, systematic
The ___________________ of the sample is more important than the _________________ used
to acquire the subjects. - answer✔✔representativeness, procedure
Random sampling, quasi-experimental sampling, stratified sampling, proportional stratified
sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling are all types of ______________________
sampling. - answer✔✔probability
___-______________ samples are not based using the _____________ theory. - answer✔✔Non-
probability, probability
The three types of non-probability samples are: - answer✔✔Judgement sampling, Convenience
sampling, Quota sampling
Each experiment has at least ____ hypotheses, the _________ hypothesis and the
_______________ hypothesis. (R.A. Fisher) - answer✔✔2, null, experimental
The _________ is the ____________________ hypothesis. (H1) - answer✔✔hunch,
experimental
The experimental hypothesis is also known as the _______________ hypothesis. (Ha) -
answer✔✔alternative
The _________ hypothesis means there is ___ significant difference between the control group
and the experimental group. (H0) - answer✔✔null, 0
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The ____________ form of writing the hypothesis is written in the present tense, without the
word significant, and without any mention of measurement. - answer✔✔modern
There are also ___-hypotheses. - answer✔✔sub
A null hypothesis may also have _____________ hypotheses. - answer✔✔interaction
To determine if the difference is ___________________ between the two groups, the researcher
uses a test of ___________________. - answer✔✔relevant, significance
Test of significance operates on the principle of ________________ (p). - answer✔✔probability
The difference is significant if p ___________. This means the probability of chance is less than
5%. - answer✔✔<0.05
The _____________ level or the alpha level is set at 0.05 or 0.01. - answer✔✔confidence
Chance factors are known as _______________. - answer✔✔errors
The 2 types of errors are the _____________ error and the ____________ error. -
answer✔✔alpha, beta
Type 1 error: we reject __________ when it is true. - answer✔✔null
Type 2 error: we accept _________ when it is false. - answer✔✔null
__________________ variables are also known as error. - answer✔✔Extraneous
____________ and ____________ _____________ are popularized by David T. Campbell and
Julian C. Stanley. - answer✔✔Internal, external validity
______________ validity - Does the independent variable really affect the dependent variable? -
answer✔✔Internal
_______________ validity - Can the results of this study be generalized for other populations
and or settings? - answer✔✔External
Threats to internal validity: - answer✔✔Countertransference, instrumentation, maturation, pre-
tests, statistical regression, selection of groups, attrition, demoralization and rivalry
Threats to external validity: - answer✔✔Reaction effect (Hawthorne effect), Laboratory, internal
validity
A _____ test tests a hypothesis between two normally distributed samples, using _______
subjects or more. - answer✔✔T, 30
A ____________ or ____________ T test is where the same group is measured on two
occasions. - answer✔✔dependent, correlated
