Pedi Exam 2 Chapters TB Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition-Kyle-Carman
CHAPTER 15
Nursing Care of the Child with an Infection
CHAPTER 16
Nursing Care of the Child with an Alteration in Intracranial Regulation/Neurologic Disorder
CHAPTER 17
Nursing Care of the Child with an A...
CHAPTER 15
Nursing Care of the Child with an Infection MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse takes into consideration that the child most susceptible to an opportunistic infection is the one taking:
a. Anticonvulsants
b. A beta-adrenergic agent
c. An antibiotic
d. Corticosteroids
ANS: D
Steroids are immunosuppressive drugs that make the child very susceptible to opportunistic infections.
2. When the 8-year-old asks the nurse how she got the antibodies that kept her from getting whooping cough, the
nurse explains that those shots:
a. Were borrowed antibodies from another person who had whooping cough
b. Gave her a tiny case of whooping cough and then she made her own antibodies
c. Strengthened antibodies she was born with
d. Are only temporary borrowed antibodies, and she needs to have another shot every 5
years ANS: B
Vaccines contain live weakened or dead organisms not strong enough to cause disease, but they stimulate the body to
develop an immune reaction and antibodies. This is active acquired immunity.
3. The nurse would document a rash that has erythematous circular raised lesions as:
a. Macular
b. Papular
c. Vesicular
d. Pustular
ANS: B
A papule is a circular, reddened elevated area on the skin.
4. The nurse would delay the administration of DTaP when the mother says that her infant:
a. Has diarrhea
b. Had a temperature of 105 F from the previous inoculation
c. Is teething
d. Is traveling with her to Europe in a
week ANS: B
A contraindication to giving the DTaP vaccine is a 105 F temperature following the previous vaccination.
5. The type of precaution that is necessary when caring for a toddler with varicella is:
a. Contact
b. Protective
c. Airborne infection
d. Large droplet
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infection ANS: C
Airborne-infection precautions are used for patients with conditions such as tuberculosis, varicella, and rubeola. Small
airborne particles caught on floating dust in the room can be inhaled from anywhere in the room.
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6. A parent is concerned because her son was exposed to varicella at preschool. The nurse would tell this parent that
the incubation period for varicella is:
a. 2 to 10 days
b. 4 to 14 days
c. 3 to 32 days
d. 14 to 21
days ANS: D
The incubation period for varicella is 2 to 3 weeks, usually 13 to 17 days.
7. The nurse can be assured that parents understand how long a child who has varicella is contagious when they
state: a. My child should stay home from school for 6 days after the pox appear.
b. My child can return to school when the rash fades.
c. My child must stay away from other children until all of the lesions have healed.
d. My child is contagious as long as he has a
fever. ANS: A
The child with varicella is contagious for 6 days after the appearance of the rash.
8. The statement made by a sexually active adolescent girl indicating an understanding of the prevention of
sexually transmitted diseases is:
a. I always douche after intercourse.
b. I think you can get a vaccination for STDs
now. c. I insist that my partner wear a condom.
d. I am protected because I take the
pill. ANS: C
The use of condoms to prevent STDs is not considered 100% effective but is recommended for sexual intercourse.
9. The priority nursing diagnosis for a hospitalized infant who is HIV-positive would be:
a. Risk for injury
b. Altered nutrition
c. Impaired skin
integrity d. Risk for
infection
ANS: D
The infant who is HIV-positive has impaired immunologic functioning and is at high risk for infection.
10. A parent of a newborn asked the nurse, when will my baby get the hepatitis B vaccine? The nurse bases a
response on the knowledge that the first dose of Comvax should be given to infants born to a hepatitis B-negative
mother at:
a. 2 months
b. 4 months
c. 6 months
d. 1 year
ANS: B
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that Comvax, the only thimerosal-free hepatitis B vaccine, should be
used for infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers beginning at the 2-month well-child visit.
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11. The nurse would base a response to a parent about how his child got hepatitis A on the information that the child:
a. Came in contact with infected blood
b. Came in contact with droplets in the air
c. Was bitten by a mosquito or a tick
d. Ate shrimp while they were in
Mexico ANS: D
Hepatitis A results from ingestion of contaminated water or shellfish.
12. An infant is hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. Which type of precautions would the nurse use when caring for
the infant?
a. Large-droplet infection precautions
b. Airborne-infection precautions
c. Contact precautions
d. Protective
precautions ANS: C
Contact precautions are used when the condition transmits organisms via skin-to-skin contact or indirect touch of a
contaminated fomite.
13. A 9-year-old child hospitalized for neutropenia is placed in protective isolation. What is the most appropriate
response for the nurse to make when the child asks, why do you have to wear a gown and mask when you are in
my room?
a. Nurses and doctors wear gowns and masks because you have a condition that could be spread to others.
b. The gown and mask are to protect you because you could get an infection very easily.
c. I’m wearing this because there are a lot of bacteria in the hospital.
d. I might look scary, but you won’t need this after you have had medication for 24 hours.
ANS: B
Protective isolation is used for patients who are not communicable but have a lowered resistance and are highly
susceptible to infection.
14. The nurse is planning to administer immunizations at a well-child visit when a parent reports the 18-month-old
child is allergic to eggs. The vaccine that would be contraindicated is:
a. Influenza
b. Inactivated polio vaccine
c. Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis
d. Hepatitis B
ANS: A
The influenza vaccine should not be given to children who have an allergy to eggs
15. The nurse would choose to administer the immunization injection of:
a. DTaP subcutaneously
b. Hib vaccine prepared in a separate syringe
c. Varicella intramuscularly
d. Varicella 1 week after the MMR
vaccine ANS: B
Hib vaccine must be given in a separate syringe from other vaccines administered at the same time.
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