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NAPLEX 2021: Renal Disease Questions and answers
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Most common causes of CKD (2) Diabetes and hypertension Nephrons primary function control h2o and sodium SGLT2 inhibitors work in what part of the nephron? Proximal tubule Blood pH is regulated by the exchange of ____ and ____ in the _____ of the nephron hydrogen and bicarb...

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  • September 6, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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NAPLEX 2021: Renal Disease
Questions and answers

Most common causes of CKD (2) - answer Diabetes and hypertension


Nephrons primary function - answer control h2o and sodium


SGLT2 inhibitors work in what part of the nephron? - answer
Proximal tubule


Blood pH is regulated by the exchange of ____ and ____ in the _____ of
the nephron - answer hydrogen and bicarb ions in the proximal
tubule


Thiazide diuretics inhibit the _____ pump in the distal convoluted
tubule - answer Na-Cl


ADH - answer antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)


reabsorbs water in ascending limb of loop of Henle


Aldosterone works in the _______ and causes _____ - answer Distal
convoluted tubule and collecting duct and causes reabsorption of Na
and water


Drugs that cause kidney disease - answer Aminoglycosides
amphotericin-B
cisplatin
cyclosporine

, loop diuretics
NSAIDs
polymyxins
radiographic contrast dye
tacrolimus
vancomycin


Normal Scr range - answer 0.6-1.3


Which two medications are dosed based on eGFR and not CrCl -
answer SGLT2 inhibitors and metformin


MDRD (_____) & CKD-EPI (_____) are used to calculate _____ - answer
MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease)
CKD-EPI (CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration)
used to calculate eGFR


KDIGO recommends using ____ and ____ to stage CKD - answer
albuminuria and eGFR


On the exam _____ and/or _____ indicate the patient has CKD - answer
GFR <60
albuminuria (ACR* or AER** ≥30)
*Albumin:creatinine ratio
**Albumin excretion rate


When starting treatment with an ACE or ARB, what can happen to
Scr? - answer Scr can increase by up to 30% initially


Monitoring after starting ACE/ARB:

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