HIV is an ____ retrovirus that uses machinery in ______ cells to replicate
RNA retrevirus; uses CD4+ T helper cells
AIDS is diagnosed when: __________ or _________
CD4 count <200 OR presence of an AIDS-defining condition (i.e. opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma)
HIV can...
NAPLEX 2024: HIV Questions
and answers
HIV is an ____ retrovirus that uses machinery in ______ cells to
replicate - answer RNA retrevirus; uses CD4+ T helper cells
AIDS is diagnosed when: __________ or _________ - answer CD4 count
<200 OR presence of an AIDS-defining condition (i.e. opportunistic
infections or Kaposi's sarcoma)
HIV can be transmitted through (5) - answer blood, semen, vaginal
secretions, anal secretions, breast milk
CDC recommends HIV screening for ________ (who and how often). -
answer everyone aged 13-64 at least once
High risk: annually
Who is considered high risk for HIV (4) - answer IV drug users
High risk sexual activity
Hx of STI
Hx of hepatitis or TB
When is the HIV viral load high enough to test? - answer 2 weeks
post-infection for antigens
4-6 weeks for antibodies
Initial screening for HIV is done with what test and what does it test
for? - answer H1H2AA screening test (HIV1/HIV2 antigen/antibody)
, Tests for HIV p24 antigens and HIV2/HIV2 antibodies
If the initial test is positive for HIV, what is the next step? - answer
Confirm positive test with H1H2ADI (HIV1/HIV2 antibody
differentiation immunoassay)
Differentiates between HIV1 (most common in US) and HIV2)
First test for HIV positive, then second test done:
Results negative-->
Results positive--> - answer Results negative--> Nucleic acid test
(NAT)
Results positive--> Diagnosis and subtype confirmed
OTC HIV test:
Name:
What it tests:
When can you use it: - answer OraQuick --> Detects HIV Ab
Use ≥ 3 months from exposure
Stages of HIV replication: (7) - answer 1. Binding/Attachment
2. Fusion
3. Reverse Transcription
4. Integration
5. Transcription/Translation
6. Assembly
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