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PHCY 502_ Class 4_ Pain Exam Study Set Exam
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PHCY 502_ Class 4_ Pain ExamStudy Set Exam
A-delta fiber - Answer sensory fibers which are slow, large-diameter, and sparsely
myelinated; their stimulation as nociceptors is associated with acute pain described as
sharp and localized.
Acetylcholine (ACh) - Answer a major neurotransmitter, functioning as an excitatory
neurotransmitter in both the CNS and peripheral nervous systems, the only
neurotransmitter used in the motor division of the somatic nervous system, and a
prominent neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous
system; exerts its action by binding to cholinergic receptors that are either muscarinic
(mAChR) or nicotinic (nAChR).
Analgesic - Answer a drug acting to relieve pain without loss of consciousness
Anesthetic - Answer a drug acting to relieve sensation (either locally or generally,
including pain), that may or may not include loss of consciousness
C fiber - Answer sensory fibers which are very slow, small-diameter, and unmyelinated;
their stimulation as nociceptors is associated with chronic pain that is described as dull,
aching, and diffuse.
Central Nervous System (CNS) - Answer the portion of the nervous system that is
located in the bony central core of the body and comprises the brain and spinal cord;
functions broadly in integrating and processing sensory information.
Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) - Answer contains the cell bodies of primary afferent
neurons that synapse with the neurons of the spinothalamic tract in the spinal cord.
Epinephrine (Epi) - Answer a catecholamine that is also called adrenaline; it is secreted
in response to stress and sympathetic stimulation (including the fight or flight
response), it acts primarily as an adrenal hormone but can also act as neurotransmitter,
and it exerts its action via binding to adrenergic receptors (ARs) that are either alpha or
beta.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - Answer primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the
CNS, its principal role is to reduce neuronal excitability by causing the target neuron to
hyperpolarize; it exerts its action by binding to GABA receptors that are either GABAA
(ligand-gated ion channels also known as ionotropic receptors) or GABAB (GPCRs also
called metabotropic receptors).
Glutamate (Glu) - Answer primary excitatory neurotransmitter of the CNS; it is the
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