What are 7 functions of the Kidneys?
1. Exctetion of metabolic waste
2. Water and Electrolyte Balance
3. BP regulation (RAAS)
4. Acid-Base Balance
5. RBC Production
6. Vitamin production (calcitriol)
7. Gluconeogenesis
What are 5 examples of metabolic waste that is released by the Kid...
NURS 5315 Exam 5: Concept
and Clinical Conditions
(Renal System) fully solved &
updated 2024-2025
What are 7 functions of the Kidneys? - answer 1. Exctetion of
metabolic waste
2. Water and Electrolyte Balance
3. BP regulation (RAAS)
4. Acid-Base Balance
5. RBC Production
6. Vitamin production (calcitriol)
7. Gluconeogenesis
What are 5 examples of metabolic waste that is released by the
Kidneys? - answer Bilirubin
Creatinine
Drugs
Hormone metabolites
Urea
In order to maintain acid-base balance what does the kidneys
excrete? - answer H+ ions
In order to maintain acid-base balance what do the kidneys
reabsorb? - answer Bicarbonate
,Which blood vessel is connected to the aorta that started Renal
Circulation? - answer Renal artery
What blood vessels go from the Renal Artery and lead to Capillary
beds? - answer Interlobar artery ➡️
Arcuate artery
The blood in the kidneys enters the glomerulus through the ____
arteriole and exits through the ____ arteriole? - answer Afferent ,
Efferent (E - Exits)
The Afferent arterioles aid in filtration, what is another name for
this blood vessel? - answer Glomerular capillaries
What is the name of the long efferent arterioles that extend through
medullary glomerulus to form the juxtaglomerular cells? - answer
Vasa recta
What is the role of the Vasa Recta? - answer Circulate blood through
the medulla to provide nutrients without removing solutes and
weakening the osmotic gradient.
Blood from the kidney travels back to the inferior vena cava through
what vein? - answer Renal Vein
How does filtrate and urine move through the kidney? - answer 1.
Bowman's capsule
2. Proximal Tubule
3. Loop of Henle (Descending (Thin))
4. Loop of Henle (Ascending (Thick))
5. Macula Densa
6. Distal convoluted Tubule
7. Collecting tubules
What part of the kidney is a collection of capillaries that receive
blood from the renal artery and are responsible for filtering the
blood? - answer Glomerulus (glomerular capillaries)
What is the name of the tube where filtrate is processed into urine?
- answer Tubule
What are the two types of nephrons? - answer cortical and
juxtamedullary nephrons
What do you call the glomerulus in the outer cortex that has tubules
that are superficial in the medulla? - answer Cortical Nephron
What do you call the glomerulus deep in the cortex which tubes
deep into the medulla? - answer Juxtaglomerular Nephron
What three items contribute to Glomerular Filtration Rate? - answer
Hydrostatic Pressure of capillary blood (Pgc)
Hydrostatic pressure of filtrate in the Bowman's Capsule (Pbs)
Oncotic Pressure (Concentration of proteins in capillary blood) πgc
Epithelial cells of the Bowman's Capsule which wrap around the
capillaries of the glomeruli are called? - answer Podocytes
Podocytes prevent what substance from leaking into the filtrate? -
answer Albumin
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