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NR 565 PHARMACOLOGY WEEK #1 TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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NR 565 PHARMACOLOGY WEEK #1 TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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NR 565 PHARMACOLOGY WEEK #1TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Pharmacokinetics - Answer-The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and
excretion in the body
"What the body does to the drug"
Factors that affect drug absorption (5) - Answer-Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
PH partitioning
Factors that affect drug distribution (4) - Answer-Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit vascular system
Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity
Pharmacodynamics - Answer-The study of biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs
on the body and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced
"What the body does to the drug"
Phamacodynamics: 3 mechanisms of action - Answer-Receptor
Enzyme
Non-selective interactions (i.e. chemo)
Types of drug therapy (7) - Answer-Acute
Maintenance (HTN/bc)
Supplemental (insulin)
Palliative
Supportive (IV fluid)
Prophylactic
Empirical (broad-spectrum abx)
Idiosyncratic Effect - Answer-Unexpected response to medication
Tolerance - Answer-Declining response to a drug
Dependence - Answer-Physiological/psychological need for a drug; needs drug for
normal function
Addiction - Answer-Compulsive use of a drug despite negative/dangerous effects
, Drug interactions: drug-drug - Answer-When 2 drugs compete for metabolizing enzymes
Drug interactions: food-drug - Answer-Grapefruit juice or leafy greens
Drug interactions: additive - Answer-1+1 = 2; both provide intended effect
Drug interactions: antagonistic - Answer-1+1 = <2; less than desired effect of one or
both drugs
Drug interactions: synergistic - Answer-1+1 = >2; sum total effect is greater than if given
alone (i.e. lisinopril + HCTZ)
Drug interactions: incompatibility - Answer-1+1 does not equal 2; two IV drugs given
together causing decomposition of one or both drugs
8 rights of medication administration - Answer-Patient
Medication
Dose
Route
Time
Reason
Response
Documentation
Adverse reactions: pharmacologic - Answer-Extension of a drug's normal effect
Adverse reactions: Allergic/hypersensitivity - Answer-Exaggerated immune response
(i.e. mild itching to anaphylaxis)
Adverse reactions: idiosyncratic - Answer-Peculiar to the patient
Adverse reactions: drug reaction - Answer-Most complex, difficult to determine
Teratogenic effects - Answer-Causes birth defects
Mutagenic effects - Answer-Able to cause changes in genetic tissue
Carcinogen - Answer-Substances that can cause cancer
Toxicology - Answer-The study of adverse effects of chemicals and their compounds on
living organisms and tissues
4 components of pharmacokinetics - Answer-Absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion
Onset of action - Answer-The time it takes for medication to take effect
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