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Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia Board Review Exam Questions With Correct Answers

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©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024 Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia Board Review Exam Questions With Correct Answers Describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - answerat rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference. describe the depolarization of a ...

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  • September 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia Board
Review Exam Questions With Correct
Answers

Describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - answer✔✔at rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-)
charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.

describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - answer✔✔when there is an influx of Na+ ions and it
causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.

describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - answer✔✔begins immediately after depolarization
with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to restore equilibrium.

myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. - answer✔✔faster; less

what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - answer✔✔the passage of local
anesthesia into the nerve cell.

what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - answer✔✔to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.

where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - answer✔✔in the pseudocholinesterase of
blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.

where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - answer✔✔in the liver and is then excreted
by the kidneys.

which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? - answer✔✔amides
___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________ are resistant to
hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - answer✔✔esters; amides

what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - answer✔✔pain

what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - answer✔✔to maintain an isotonic
solution

what happens when there is infection in the area of an injection? - answer✔✔because of its low
pH, local anesthetic is less effective.

, ©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024
what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a vasoconstricter? -
answer✔✔carbocaine 3%

what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient? - answer✔✔.2 mg

what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac compromised patient? - answer✔✔.04 mg

what is the advantage of using a vasoconstricter in local anesthetic? - answer✔✔they
significantly delay absorption and removal of the local anesthetic solution thus they provide a
much longer time for the completion of a procedure.

what is used as a preservative for epinephrine in local anesthetics? - answer✔✔sodium bisulfite
how much epinephrine does a carpule of 1/100,000 contain? with this information, what is the
cardiac patient limit based on how much epinephrine is in each carpule? - answer✔✔.018 mg;
two carpules of 1/100,000 because 2 x .018 = .036 mg

adrenalin (epinephrine) is naturally found in the body. where is it produced? - answer✔✔the
adrenal glands

when should epinephrine not be used? - answer✔✔in a cocaine addict

where are topical local anesthetics not effective? - answer✔✔on keratinized tissue

how far does topical anesthetic penetrate mucous membrane? - answer✔✔2-3 mm

what should we limit the placement of a 20% lidocaine patch to? - answer✔✔15 minutes

what are some examples of amide agents? - answer✔✔topical lidocaine, bupivicane,
mepivocaine (carbocaine)

what are some examples of ester agents? - answer✔✔topical benzocaine, topical
tetracainehypochloride, procaine, and prilocaine.

what are the only ester injectable local anesthetics? - answer✔✔procaine and lidocaine

example of a safe topical anesthetic: - answer✔✔benzocaine (ester)

how long should you apply topical anesthetic to non-keratinized tissue? - answer✔✔at least 30
seconds
what should be avoided when sanitizing the injection site as well as contact with local anesthetic
cartridges? - answer✔✔alcohol

what is the shelf life of local anesthetic without epinephrine? with? - answer✔✔36 months; 18
months

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