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PHCY320 GUW1 + GULT8 Pregnancy Supplementation Study Set Exam
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PHCY320 GUW1 + GULT8Pregnancy Supplementation
Study Set Exam
Embryonic development - Answer Week 2-8 of gestation; the critical periods of tissue
developments; events will cause irreversible effects
EAR/ estimated average requirement - Answer A daily nutrient level estimated to meet
the requirements of half the healthy individuals of a particular life stage and gender
group
RDI/ recommended dietary intake - Answer The average daily dietary intake level that is
sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals of
a particular life stage and gender group
AI/ adequate intake (used when RDI cannot be determined) - Answer A level of intake
observed in a group of apparently healthy people that is assumed to be adequate for
requirements
UL/ upper limit of intake - Answer The highest daily nutrient intake likely to pose no
adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population
As nutrient intake increases above UL... - Answer the potential risk of adverse effects
increases
Deficiency in folate during pregnancy leads to - Answer increased risk of neural tube
defect
The two most common types of neural tube defects are - Answer anencephaly and spina
bifida
Anencephaly - Answer The upper end of the neural tube fails to close, leading to the
brain either missing or failing to develop. Affected pregnancies often end in miscarriage
and infants born with anencephaly die shortly after birth
Spina bifida - Answer A condition characterised by incomplete closure of the spinal
cord. The membranes covering the spinal cord often protrude as a sac, which may
rupture and lead to a life-threatening infection. It is accompanied by varying degrees of
paralysis, depending on the extent of the spinal cord damage. Mild cases may not even
be noticed, but severe cases often lead to death
Risk factors for neural tube defect - Answer A previous pregnancy affected by a neural
, tube defect,
maternal diabetes (type 1), maternal use of anti-seizure medications, maternal obesity,
exposure to high temperatures early in pregnancy (prolonged fever or hot-tub use)
Folate - Answer Natural form of vitamin B9, water-soluble
Vitamin B12 - Answer Activates the folate enzyme, requirement may be increased
slightly during pregnancy
Iodine is found in food as - Answer iodide
In the developing foetus, baby and young child, the effects of iodine deficiency are
serious. They include - Answer stunted growth, diminished intelligence and retardation.
Folate/folic acid intake for women seeking to become pregnant - Answer Take daily
supplement of 800 mcg beginning before becoming pregnant and continuing throughout
the duration of pregnancy (400 mcg folic acid is adequate but funded tablets are in 800
mcg or 5 mg strengths)
Iron intake for pregnant women - Answer Take a low dose iron supplement in their
second and third trimester
Use iodised salt when cooking and at the table, and to choose foods that are sources of
iodine e.g. low-fat milk, eggs
If consuming a multivitamin and mineral supplement during pregnancy, choose a
supplement containing folic acid, iron, and potassium iodide and be careful not to take
excess vitamin A. - Answer Use iodised salt when cooking and at the table, and to
choose foods that are sources of iodine e.g. low-fat milk, eggs
If consuming a multivitamin and mineral supplement during pregnancy, choose a
supplement containing folic acid, iron, and potassium iodide and be careful not to take
excess vitamin A.
Identify the legislation that regulates dietary supplements in New Zealand - Answer
Food Act 2014: Dietary Supplements Regulations 1985 (Medsafe), Animal Products Act
1999 and Biosecurity Act 1993
DSR R.2A(2) - Answer Definition of a dietary supplement; an amino acid, edible
substance, herb, mineral, synthetic nutrient, or vitamin.
Sold by itself or in a mixture. Sold in a controlled dosage form as a liquid, powder, or
tablet (which might be described on the label as a cachet, capsule, lozenge, or pastille
instead of as a tablet). Intended to be ingested orally. Intended to supplement the
amount of the amino acid, edible substance, herb, mineral, synthetic nutrient, or vitamin
normally derived from food. Cannot be controlled drugs, prescription medicines,
pharmacist-only medicines or pharmacy-only medicines. Cannot have a stated or
implied therapeutic purpose (DSR R.11).
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