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ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam
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ECPI A&P 1 Final ExamEndocrine - answer the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
red bone marrow - answer found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis, produces
blood cells
yellow bone marrow - answer fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult
long bones
covalent bond - answer A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons
between atoms in a molecule
ionic bond - answer Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom
to another
hydrogen bond - answer weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
Polar - answer Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water. Having a pair of equal
and opposite charges
Nonpolar - answer No partial charges. Do not mix with water. Equal sharing of electrons
What is a genetic code - answer is the set of rules used by living cells to translate
information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
DNA - answer deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all
living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
smooth muscle - answer Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the
body
cardiac muscle - answer Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
skeletal muscle - answer A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and
provides the force that moves the bones.
Nucleus - answer A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
, myocyte - answermuscle cell or muscle fiber
Chondrocytes - answermature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has
secreted the matrix of cartilage and become embedded in it.
Osteocytes - answera bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the
matrix it has secreted.
Adipocytes - answerfat cells
Erythrocytes - answerred blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
Aponeurosis - answerstrong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to
bone
What is the matrix composed of? - answerfibrous proteins and ground substance
What are the layers of the bone? - answerperiosteum, compact bone, spongy bone,
bone marrow
Interphase - answerCell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division;
consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
Prophase - answerChromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle
forms
Metaphase - answersecond phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell
Anaphase - answerthe third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
Telophase - answerphase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin
to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
Cytokinesis - answerdivision of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
muscle spindles - answerreceptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the
rate of that change
Golgi tendon organs - answerreceptors that sense movement of the tendons, which
connect muscle to bone
tectorial membrane - answerA membrane located above the basilar membrane; serves
as a shelf against which the cilia of the auditory hair cells move
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