EXAM:CMSRN Exam|267 Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
what type of hyponatremia is most common, results from excessive fluid intake and leads to
decreased serum sodium concentration? Correct-dilutional hypotnatremia
symptoms of diltuional hyponatremia Correct-edema, confusion, weight gain
treatment of dilutional hyponatremia Correct-fluid restriction
what type of hyponatremia results from fluid and sodium loss? Correct-true hyponatremia
symptoms of true hyponatremia Correct-dry tissue, weight loss, hypotension, tachycardia
treatment of true hyponatremia Correct-replace sodium AND water (NS or LR)
causes of true hyponatremia Correct-burns, hemorrhage, adrenal insufficiency
what type of sodium imbalance is caused by decreased fluid intake or water loss without loss
of sodium? Correct-hypernatremia
, EXAM:CMSRN Exam|267 Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
causes of hypernatremia Correct-fever, IVF with sodium, DI, high protein TF
symptoms of hypernatremia Correct-dry tissues, weight gain, thirst, tachycardia, oliguria
treatment of hypernatremia Correct-decrease sodium, replace fluids
which electrolyte does sodium work with? Correct-chloride - works to maintain acid/base
balance
which labs are most important to watch with potassium abnormalities? Correct-renal
what does potassium have an inverse relationship with? Correct-PH, insulin, calcium
causes of hyperkalemia Correct-cell wall destruction, increased intake, potassium sparing
diuretics, renal failure, acidosis
, EXAM:CMSRN Exam|267 Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
symptoms of hyperkalemia Correct-irritable muscles, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperactive
bowels, bladder
treatment of hyperkalemia Correct-limit intake, kaexylate, calcium gluconate, IV glucose
and insulin, dialysis
what electrolyte imbalance should you avoid green leafy vegetables and citrus fruits?
Correct-hyperkalemia
what electrolyte are avocado, dried fruits, and potato skins high in? Correct-potassium
causes of hypokalemia Correct-vomiting, diarrhea, DKA, prolonged NG suction, burns,
potassium wasting diuretics
symptoms of hypokalemia Correct-muscle flaccidity and weakness, constipation, alkalosis,
shallow respirations, cardiac arrest
treatment for hypokalemia Correct-potassium supplements, monitor magnesium levels
, EXAM:CMSRN Exam|267 Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
normal calcium level Correct-9-10.5
where is calcium stored? Correct-bones
what vitamin is important for calcium absorption Correct-Vitamin D
what does calcium have an inverse relationship with? Correct-phosphorous
which electrolyte imbalance increases bleeding risk? Correct-hypocalcemia
causes for hypercalcemia Correct-cancer, bone mets, hyperparathyroidism, excessive
vitamin D, thiazide diuretics, parathyroid tumor
symptoms of hypercalcemia Correct-sedation, lethargy, hypoactive reflexes, slurred
speech, impaired memory (decreased LOC/CNS sympstoms), renal stones
