Tilde - answer✔✔waving line placed over a vower before "r" in a combination to indicate
unaccented syllable ~
syntax - answer✔✔arrangement and sequence of words in sentences, clauses, and phrases; set of
principles that dictate sequence and function in order to convey meaning ( G.U.M.)
voiced/unvoiced cognates - answer✔✔phonemes pronounce din the same place of the mouth but
vary in voicing /k/ /g/
phonology - answer✔✔sound system of a language; science of speech sounds;the study of peach
sound system, rules and patterns of speech; unconscious rules and patterns of spoken language
(sad vs sank)
suprasegmental - answer✔✔aspects of language ( intonations, pitch, juncture, speaking rate)
supersize
occipital cortex - answer✔✔vision; receives information first
Old English - answer✔✔Began when Angles, Saxons, Jutes arrived in England. Language of
Vikings; Old Norse and Latin also influenced; Teutonic invasion; Christianizing of Britain; 449
AD-1066; decline of Old English as result of Norman Conquest
phonological awareness - answer✔✔an umbrella term used to refer to a student's sensitivity to
sound structure in language; understanding of internal linguistic structures of words; awareness
of onset-rime and individual phonemes
naming speed - answer✔✔a speed naming task; administered to pre-readers
phoneme - answer✔✔smallest unit of sound in speech /s/ /a/ /d/; individual sound unit in spoken
words
prosody - answer✔✔vocal intonation and meter of spoken language;readers sound as if they are
speaking;significant to communicate and comprehend emotions and attitudes
Torgensen, Lundber, and Foorman - answer✔✔phonological awareness is a critical factor in
dyslexia
breve - answer✔✔diacritical mark over short vowel sound
cedilla - answer✔✔diacritical mark under C indicting soft sound
base word - answer✔✔word before affixes added/can stand alone
Grace Fernald - answer✔✔Kinesthetic method influenced Orton; he suggested kinesthetic-tactile
reinforcement of visual and auditory associations could reverse transposition of letters
3 layers of language - answer✔✔Anglo-Saxon; Latin; Greek
Anglo-Saxon Layer - answer✔✔stresses everyday life; common words; usually 1 syllable
Latin Layer - answer✔✔used in more formal settings; often found in lit, science in upper elem
texts etc; longer than A-S
Greek Layer - answer✔✔scientific; roots often combine forms and compounds
bound morpheme - answer✔✔must be attached to other morphemes ( -ed, pre-)
chameleon prefix - answer✔✔prefix whose final consonant depends on the initial letter of a root
(in- changes to -ir) Clue: when you see double consonants at beginning of word
cloze procedure - answer✔✔"fill in the blank" reading
curriculum-referenced test - answer✔✔Items taken from curriculum - not tested on material not
taught. Good match between assessment and instruction. Can be informal or formal.
diagnostic evaluation - answer✔✔Used to identify the nature and source of an individual's
educational, psychological, or medical difficulties/disabilities in order to facilitate remediation
discovery method - answer✔✔Socratic method; presentation of new material can be deduced by
students
dysarthria - answer✔✔nervous system disorder which hinders control over tongue, throat etc (
slurred speech)
grade equivalent - answer✔✔not dependable representation;describes performance of an average
student at grade level
profile - answer✔✔a graphic compilation of the performance of an individual on a series of
assessments
raw score - answer✔✔scores expressed in original form - no statistical treatment
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