what is personality? - Correct Answer the set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that is organized and relatively enduring and that influences his or her interactions with, and adaptations to, the environment
(including the intrapsychic, physical and social environment)
...
PSYCH 2740 Midterm 1 Answered
& Graded
what is personality? - Correct Answer the set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the
individual that is organized and relatively enduring and that influences his or her interactions with, and
adaptations to, the environment
(including the intrapsychic, physical and social environment)
refers to different traits
how traits influence behavior/contexts
set of psychological traits - Correct Answer how people are different or similar from one another
not necessarily how someone is all the time
traits - Correct Answer how someone is the average time
average tendency
not necessarily how someone is all the time
not talking about categories, talking about a continuum
details of traits - Correct Answer conceptualized on a continuum
traits are a curve- most people are in the middle
relatively stable
moderate stability over time in their life
taxonomies- distilling traits into taxonomies
mechanisms - Correct Answer linked to traits
how might a trait yield different outcomes
1. inputs
2. decision-making
,3. outputs
inputs- by-product of traits, how we were formed
output-what can happens because of traits
we can have 2 people with different personality traits respond to the same event differently
ex. trait- sociable, output- going to the party
ex. trait- shy, decision-making- don't want to go, output- not go out
within the individual - Correct Answer personality has to come from within, not influenced or caused by
external sources
organized - Correct Answer how our traits are structured within ourselves
relatively enduring - Correct Answer trait vs. state
traits are relatively stable over time
trait vs. state - Correct Answer trait- relatively stable, how they are on average
state- how someone is in a given moment
state - Correct Answer how someone is in a given moment
state anxiety - Correct Answer unpleasant emotional arousal in face of threats/danger
trait anxiety - Correct Answer tendency to respond with state anxiety in the anticipation of
threats/danger
that influences - Correct Answer influences behavior
how we react in different contexts
interactions with and adaptations to the environment - Correct Answer causes something because
interacts with other factors
, our interactions with the environment
we choose the environment we want to be in
interact in environments
how we act which can be based on our personality, can evoke different responses from others
certain traits can correspond to manipulate the environment
traits that make people twist things and change environments/manipulate
levels of analyzing personality - Correct Answer conscious/unconscious processes
quality of friendships/relationships
3 levels:
1. human nature level
2. individual and group difference level
3. individual uniqueness level
human nature level - Correct Answer like all others
how people are like all others
individual and group difference level - Correct Answer like some others
what are the major traits that apply to most people
specific groups
men and women differ on personality traits
individual uniqueness level - Correct Answer like no others
no 2 personalities are exactly the same
2 approaches:
1. nomothetic
2. idiographic
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