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NURSADN8: Lecture For Exam #1 (Questions/Answers)
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NURSADN8: Lecture For Exam #1 (Questions/Answers)
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NURSADN8: Lecture For Exam #1 (Questions/Answers)What is the purpose of IV fluids? Right Ans - *Maintenance* for when oral
intake is not adequate.
and *Replacement* for when losses have occurred.
What is serum osmolality? Right Ans - A measure of the solute
concentration of the blood; 270-300 m0sm/L
What is normal serum *pH*? Right Ans - 7.35-7.45
What are the three *types* of fluids? Right Ans - Hypotonic, isotonic, and
hypertonic
Which *type* of IV Fluid are the following characteristics describing?
- Replaces cellular fluid, provides free water for excretion of the body wastes
- More water than electrolytes
- Water moves from ECF to ICF by osmosis
-0.45% NaCl, 2.5% Dextrose Right Ans - Hypotonic
Which *type* of IV Fluid are the following characteristics describing?
- Expands only ECF
- No net loss or gain from ICF
- 0.9% NaCl, LR and D5W Right Ans - Isotonic
Which *type* of IV Fluid are the following characteristics describing?
- Initially expands and raises the osmolality of ECF
- Requires frequent monitoring of BP, lung sounds and serum sodium levels
- 5% Dextrose in 0.45% NaCl, 5% Dextrose in 0.9% NaCl, 5% Dextrose in LR,
10% Dextrose in water, 3% NS Right Ans - Hypertonic
Normal Serum Sodium Right Ans - 135-145
Normal Serum Potassium Right Ans - 3.5-5
Normal Serum Calcium Right Ans - 8.6-10.2
, Normal Serum Magnesium Right Ans - 1.3-2.3
Normal Serum Phosphorous Right Ans - 2.5-4.5
What is a central line? Right Ans - It's a catheter placed into a large vein in
the neck (internal jugular vein), chest (subclavian vein or axillary vein) or
groin (femoral vein).
Used to give meds or fluids, and measure CVP and CVO2 sat
Indications for a central line include: Right Ans - -poor venous access
-hypertonic or irritating solutions
-long-term venous access
-home IV therapy
-central venous pressure monitoring (ICU)
What are the 4 types of central lines? Right Ans - PICC, non-tunneled,
tunneled and implanted
The tip of a *central line catheter* will be in which portion of the body?
Right Ans - SVC - Superior Vena Cava
*Types of Central Lines:* PICC Line Right Ans - Preferred venous access
device for moderate term IV therapy, can remain in place for 6 Months or
longer with proper care, it is meant to remain in place for duration of the
entire treatment, the catheters designed are highly flexible and there is no
need to immobilize the client, movement is encouraged to stimulate blood
flow and decrease the risk of phlebitis. Inserted at bedside (typically by a
nurse) and only local anesthesia is required.
*Types of Central Lines:* Non-tunneled Catheter Right Ans - A catheter
inserted through the skin directly into a central vessel; High Risk for
complications; Used in cases of emergencies and inserted into subclavian or
jugular vein (or femoral)
*Types of Central Lines:* Tunneled Catheter Right Ans - A catheter that is
tunneled through the skin and subcutaneous tissue to a central vessel; the
entrance point of the catheter is distant from the entrance to the vascular
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