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Maryville University NURS 611Questions and Correct Answers Graded Highest 100% A++
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ADH - CORRECT ANSWER -Secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the perception of thirst are stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality. Aging and Cells/Tissues - CORRECT ANSWER --Muscular Atrophy (sarcopenia) -Increased peripheral vascular resistance -Decreased production of HCL and ...

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  • September 3, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Maryville University NURS 611Questions and Correct

Answers Graded Highest 100% A++

ADH - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the perception

of thirst are stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality.


Aging and Cells/Tissues - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ --Muscular Atrophy (sarcopenia)


-Increased peripheral vascular resistance

-Decreased production of HCL and delayed stomach emptying

-Decreased immune response

-Total body potassium also decreases d/t decreased cellular mass

-Increased Na+/K+ ratio suggests decreased cellular mass is accompanied by an increased

extracellular compartment


Aneuploid Cell - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Cell that does not contain a multiple of 23

chromosomes


Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Programmed cell death. Cellular self-destruction for

elimination of unwanted cell populations.


BRCA1 and BRCA2 - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -An autosomal dominant form of breast

cancer that accounts for approximately 5% of breast cancer cases in US. Genes responsible have

been mapped at chromosomes 17 (BRCA1) and 13 (BRCA2). Women who inherit a mutation in

,BRCA 1 or BRCA2 have a 50%-80% lifetime risk of developing breast CA. Women with an

affected first-degree relative develops double the risk of being dx with breast CA.


Causes and Manifestations of Hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Hyperaldosteronism

causes hypokalemia, hypernatremia and fluid volume excess.

Manifestations: flattened T waves, AV block, bradycardia, paralytic ileus


Causes of Hypercalcemia (greater than 10-12 mg/dL) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -

Hyperparathyroidism; bone metastases with calcium resorption from breast, prostate, renal, and

cervical cancer; sarcoidosis; excess vit D; many tumors that produce PTH; calcium-containing

antacids


Causes of hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Renal failure and Addison's disease

(decreased production of aldosterone, thus body holds onto K+). Hyperkalemia should be

investigated when there is a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin deficiency,

Addison's disease, use of potassium salt substitutes or metabolic acidosis.


Causes of Hypermagnesemia (greater than 3.0 mEq/L) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Usually

renal insufficiency or failure; also excessive intake of magnesium-containing antacids, adrenal

insufficiency


Causes of Hyperphosphatemia (greater than 4.7 mg/dl) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Acute or

chronic renal failure with significant loss of glomerular filtration; treatment of metastatic tumors

with chemotherapy that releases large amounts of phosphate into serum; long-term use of

laxatives or enemas containing phosphates; hyperparathyroidism

, Causes of Hypocalcemia (less than 8.5mg/dl) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Inadequate intestinal

absorption, massive blood administration, decreases in PTH and vit D levels, nutritional

deficiencies-malnutrition, alkalosis, elevates calcitonin level, pancreatitis, hypoalbuminemia


Causes of Hypomagnesemia (less than 1.5mEq/L) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Malnutrition,

malabsorption syndromes, alcoholism, urinary losses (renal tubular dysfunction, loop diuretics)


Causes of Hypophosphatemia (less than 2.0 mg/dl) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Intestinal

malabsorption related to vitamin D deficiency, use of magnesium- and albumin- containing

antacids, long term alcohol abuse, and malabsorption syndromes; respiratory alkalosis; increased

renal excretion of phosphate associated with hyperparathyroidism


Causes of Metabolic Acidosis (Bicarbonate loss- normal anion gap) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔

-Diarrhea

Uterosicmoidoscopy

Renal failure

Proximal renal tube acidosis

Causes of Metabolic Acidosis (Increased non-carbonic acids - elevated anion gap) - CORRECT

ANSWER ✔✔ -Increased H+ load


Ketoacidosis (DM)

Lactic acidosis (shock)

Ingestions (ethylene glycol, salicylates)

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