9/3/24, 5:04 PM
OCN - Practice Tests
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (70)
A patient has the following laboratory A. washing hands frequently
values: white blood cell count 2100 mm3;
neutrophils, segmented 23%; neutrophils, There are many nonpharmacologic interventions for the prevention of infection.
band 6%; hemoglobin 8.9 g/dl; and, platelets Handwashing remains the single most important intervention to prevent infection.
100,000 mm 3. The nurse's initial patient
teaching includes:
A. washing hands frequently.
B. using an electric razor.
C. avoiding trauma.
D. taking daily stool softeners.
A patient is receiving the first dose of C. hypersensitivity reaction
paclitaxel. The nurse should be prepared to
treat the patient for: A side effect associated with paclitaxel is hypersensitivity reaction. Hypersensitivity is
an exaggerated or inappropriate immune response that may be localized or systemic.
A. shaking chills. Pretreatment to prevent the reaction includes administering cimetidine,
B. projectile vomiting. diphenhydramine, and if not contraindicated, dexamethasone.
C. hypersensitivity reaction.
D. urinary retention.
A patient who completed treatment for B. methylphenidate
malignant melanoma one year ago
complains of still feeling tired. The nurse Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate have been tested in certain populations
anticipates an order for: including patients with malignant melanoma as well as in patients with advanced
cancer. Patients reported improvement in symptoms of cancer-related fatigue with the
A. darbepoetin. use of methylphenidate but it remains an area where more research is needed.
B. methylphenidate.
C. lorazepam.
D. pegfilgrastim.
A patient receiving 10 mg of sustained- D. 30 mg of sustained-release oxycodone every 12 hours
release oxycodone every 12 hours requires 5
mg of immediate-release oxycodone five to The first sign that an increase in opioid dose is needed is a decrease in the duration of
six times daily. The best adjustment in the analgesia for a given opioid dose. Patients may report the need for an increased
pain medication regimen is to request an number of rescue doses. Sustained release doses plus immediate-release (rescue)
order for: doses should be calculated. When slight improvement in analgesia is needed, a 25%
increase in opioid dose may be sufficient; for a moderate improvement, 50%; and for a
A. 5 mg of immediate-release oxycodone strong effect, 100% increase may be needed.
every 3 hours.
B. 10 mg of immediate-release oxycodone
every 6 hours.
C. 10 mg of sustained-release oxycodone
every 8 hours.
D. 30 mg of sustained-release oxycodone
every 12 hours.
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A patient with prostate cancer is taking C. impending spinal cord compression
oxycodone orally every four hours as
needed for pain. At a home visit, the nurse Spinal cord compression may result from tumor invasion into the vertebrae causing a
learns the patient is experiencing constant, collapse on the spinal cord. Patients at high risk for cord compression include those
dull back pain and he has not moved his with prostate cancer. Dull back pain is an early symptom of spinal cord compression.
bowels for three days. These symptoms most
likely indicate:
A. ascites.
B. hypercalcemia.
C. impending spinal cord compression.
D. an adverse effect of the oxycodone.
Which terms are associated with malignant C. Adeno and squamous
tumors originating in the epithelial tissue?
Tumors are classified by the tissue of origin. The malignancies that arise from the
A. Osteo and chondra epithelium are squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, basal cell, and choriocarcinoma.
B. Lympho and myelo
C. Adeno and squamous
D. Lipo and rhabdo
The severe pain associated with post- C. amitriptyline.
herpetic neuropathy is most effectively
treated by: Pain associated with herpes zoster is severe and can be debilitating. The pain is
described as continuous, deep and burning. Opioids are used to treat acute herpes
A. propoxyphene. zoster. Tricyclic antidepressants are used to treat post-herpetic neuralgia.
B. hydromorphone.
C. amitriptyline.
D. extra-strength acetaminophen.
D. promote cell division
An oncology nurse teaching a cancer
biology class explains that a proto-
Proto-oncogenes promote the specialization and division of normal cells. A change in
oncogene's role is to:
a proto-oncogenes genetic sequence can result in uncontrolled cell growth, ultimately
causing the formation of a cancerous tumor. Proto-oncogenes can be transformed into
A. stimulate angiogenesis.
oncogenes in three ways: point mutation (alteration of a single nucleotide base pair),
B. cause apoptosis.
translocation (in which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to
C. inhibit tumor growth.
another chromosome), or amplification (increase in the number of copies of the proto-
D. promote cell division.
oncogene).
Which of the following statements by a B. I do not want to get an influenza shot until all my chemotherapy is finished
patient most likely indicates the need for
further education about preventing Because a percentage of patients will achieve protection from the influenza vaccination
infection? and the risks for adverse effects are low, all patients with cancer and their household
contacts should receive annual vaccination. NCCN recommends vaccination at least
A. I need to be very diligent about washing two weeks prior to cytotoxic or immunosuppressive. If this is not possible, patients can
my hands after working in the garden. be vaccinated during treatment and revaccinated at least three months after therapy.
B. I do not want to get an influenza shot until
all my chemotherapy is finished.
C. I keep my wound dressing supplies in a
closed storage container.
D. I will not permit my grandchildren to visit
me if they are sick.
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A 69-year-old patient who received D. call for an ambulance.
chemotherapy seven days ago calls the
nurse to report a temperature of 101°F The time at which chemotherapy exerts its maximum effect on the bone marrow and
(38.3°C) and lightheadedness. The nurse the white blood count reaches its lowest point is the nadir. This usually occurs within 7
determines the patient is dyspneic and to 10 days after administration. Patients are most susceptible to infections at this time
diaphoretic. The nurse's initial response is to due to neutropenia. In a neutropenic patient, infection may rapidly progress to sepsis, a
instruct the patient to: systemic inflammatory response to microorganisms in the blood. Early signs of sepsis
include fever, chills, and tachypnea. Patients over the age of 65 are at greater risk.
A. take acetaminophen. Untreated sepsis can result in septic shock and death. Immediate reporting of
B. recheck his temperature in two hours. symptoms and medical management is necessary.
C. report to the emergency department.
D. call for an ambulance.
A patient expresses anger about his D. suggest ways for the patient to participate in the treatment plan.
diagnosis of cancer and the need to receive
his first chemotherapy treatment. The nurse's Loss of personal control is perceived as lacking the ability to control events that affect
best response is to: life style and goals. Both disease and treatment are considered risk factors for a loss of
personal control. Personal control can be maintained through verbalization of feelings
A. initiate a referral to a social worker. and participation in care.
B. call the physician and ask for the treatment
to be delayed.
C. explain to the patient that the doctor
ordered treatment to start today.
D. suggest ways for the patient to participate
in the treatment plan.
A patient with lymphoma reports persistent B. tumor lysis syndrome
nausea, muscle cramps, weakness, and
paresthesia of the fingers two days after Tumor lysis syndrome involves a metabolic imbalance that occurs with the rapid release
receiving the first cycle of chemotherapy. of intracellular potassium, phosphorus, and nucleic acid into the blood as a result of
The patient most likely is experiencing: tumor cell kill. Early signs and symptoms of tumor lysis syndrome include the following:
muscle cramps, weakness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and paresthesia.
A. hypercalcemia.
B. tumor lysis syndrome.
C. disseminated intravasular coagulation.
D. syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone secretion.
During the initial evaluation of a patient, the A. It sounds like you fear your treatment plan, tell me what you know about it.
treatment plan is outlined and includes
amputation of the right leg. The patient Anger as part of the mourning process often is felt most profoundly in those who
begins to scream and cry, stating, "But I have experience disfiguring surgery, loss of body parts, and loss of control of the body.
small children. I need to be able to run, walk, Nurses can address the underlying feelings with reflective statements. A reflective
and play with them." The nurse's best statement will help patients to gain control and focus on the real issues.
response is:
A. It sounds like you fear your treatment
plan, tell me what you know about it.
B. Many patients feel better after they are
fitted with a prosthesis.
C. If you do not receive the amputation, your
chance of dying is great.
D. The psychiatric nurse will help you cope
with the amputation.
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