NUR 145 Mod F- Aging 2 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 145
Institution
NUR 145
Mental health issues with aging cognitive disorders-alzheimers/dementia/delirium Depression in the older adult Abuse Community resources
Dementia the loss of cognitive functioning--thinking, remembering, and reasoning--and behavioral abilities to such an extent that it interferes with a persons da...
NUR 145 Mod F- Aging 2 Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Mental health issues with aging ✅cognitive disorders-alzheimers/dementia/delirium
Depression in the older adult
Abuse
Community resources
Dementia ✅the loss of cognitive functioning--thinking, remembering, and reasoning--
and behavioral abilities to such an extent that it interferes with a persons daily life and
activities
-ranges in severity from the mildest stage, when it is just beginning to affect a persons
functioning, to the most severe stage, when the person must depend completely on
others for basic activities of daily living
-brain disorder that most often affects the elderly
-failure or death of nerve cells in the brain
-half of people ages 85 and older may have alzheimer's disease, *the most common
cause of dementia*
Signs of dementia ✅*dementia isnt a disease, its a group of symptoms*
-repeating the same story or question over and over
-getting lost in familiar places
-delusions or agitated behavior
-problems with language, movements, or recognizing objects
-memory or concentration problems
-difficulty following directions
-getting disoriented about time, person, and places
-neglecting personal safety, hygiene or nutrition
Factors that increase the risk for dementia ✅aging
Smoking
Uncontrolled diabetes
High blood pressure
Drinking too much alcohol
If family members have had dementia
Most common causes of dementia ✅-#1 cause: alzheimer's disease
#2 cause: vascular dementia
*condition that involves changes to the brains blood supply
*vascular dementia often arises from a *stroke*
-other causes:
*parkinsons disease
*hiv infection
*head injury
, *lewy body disease (abnormal protein clumps in brain cells)
Dementia diagnosis ✅to make a diagnosis, physicians ask about a persons medical
history and do a physical exam including blood tests. They also check for mental
abilities and sometimes perform brain scans. These test can determine if the symptoms
are related to a *treatable condition*:
*depression
*an infection
*medication side effects
*vitamin b12 deficiency
-with some types of dementia, a clear diagnosis cannot be made until after death.
*theres no single blood test or brain scan that can diagnose alzheimer's disease* or
some other types of dementia with certainty.
-a definite diagnosis of ad can only be made at autopsy:
*neurofibrillary tangles
*amyloid plaques
Fda approved drugs for alzheimers ✅donepezil (aricept)
Galantamine (razadyne)
Memantine (namenda)
Rivastigmine (exelon)
Donepezil and memantine (namzaric)
Donepezil (aricept) ✅approved for all stages
Galantamine (razadyne) ✅improved for mild to moderate
Memantine (namenda) ✅approved for moderate to severe
Rivastigmine (exelon) ✅approved for all stages
Donepezil & memantine (namzaric) ✅approved for moderate to severe
Treatment depends on cause ✅-different type of drugs are being used to treat
alzheimer's disease, parkinson's dementia, and some other forms of dementia
*these medications may improve symptoms
*none can halt or reverse progressive damage to the brain
-in contrast, if the dementia is due to vascular disease, there are many things we can do
to prevent it from progressing. It's the same things we do to prevent cardiovascular
disease
*anticlotting medications (aspirin)
*meds to keep blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes under control
Dementia nursing management goals ✅-promoting patient function and independence
-promoting the patients physical safety
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