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CHSOS Exam- STAT PEARLS- Questions & Answers
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CHSOS Exam- STAT PEARLS-Questions & Answers
In any simulation scenario, having a fiction contract helps learners to focus more on learning
objectives rather than blaming the simulation- if learners feel they have not performed well.
A fiction contract helps to create psychological safety and sets the tone for the entire event.
A Confidentiality agreement helps to reuse simulation scenarios for another group of
learners. This agreement also can include maintaining transparency about the method and
purpose of evaluation.
The International Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL) states simulation
best practice includes having - ✔✔defined goals and objectives, a sufficient pre-brief, an
established case scenario, and an adequate debriefing.
During the simulation experience, the majority of learning occurs during the debriefing.
An adequate debriefing provides the educator insight into the learner's mistakes and helps
guide feedback. It helps learners apply the simulation experience to the clinical environment.
What is the Hawthorne Effect? - ✔✔Summative testing is subject to the Hawthorne
effect, as physicians know they are being observed and are on their best behavior. Thus an
incognito SP encounter where the physician does not know they are being watched would
provide a more accurate representation of the physicians' patient skills.
,What is cognitive burden? - ✔✔Cognitive burden refers to information and stimuli, which
are present but not necessary for the prescribed learning. If the burden is too heavy, this
leads to overload and ineffective learning.
Decreasing extraneous cognitive load by simplifying the learning environment can
improve learning.
Increasing complexity by situating the instruction in a high-fidelity context may contribute
to higher levels of extraneous cognitive load.
A. Simulation mannequin upkeep
B. Consumable procedure kits
C. Building maintenance
D. Clinician lost time
Label A-D as: indirect cost, direct cost, or opportunity cost - ✔✔A. Simulation
mannequin upkeep- indirect cost
B. Consumable procedure kits- direct cost
C. Building maintenance- indirect cost
D. Clinician lost time- opportunity cost
During a debriefing following a cardiac arrest simulation in the emergency department, the
facilitator decides to use the Plus-Delta technique following the simulation. What is the benefit
of the Plus-Delta technique? - ✔✔The Plus-Delta technique is meant to go over what went
well to reinforce these actions, and what could have gone better to incorporate these
opportunities for improvement in future practice.
Evidence that supports a specific debriefing technique over another is lacking. Indeed, most
debriefing techniques are effective if utilized appropriately by well-trained facilitators.
, What are the different types of debriefing? - ✔✔Many formats can be used for effective
debriefings, even by novice facilitators, these include plus-Delta, three-phase, or multiple-phase
technique.
Many factors may impact the selection of debriefing techniques by facilitators that include;
the complexity of the scenario, learners' experience, amount of time allotted for the
simulation exercise, number of facilitators, or debriefing skills of the facilitator.
Learning Objections & SMART Goals: how should learning objectives be written? -
✔✔Learning objectives constructed with SMART goals is a best-practice for instructional
design. Learning objectives should be written in the following format: At the completion of this
session, learners should be able to [do something specific], with the following [performance
metrics], in [x amount of time]. At the completion of this session, learners should be able to
select the appropriate needle and suture and close a 3-inch laceration on the upper or lower
limb with interrupted sutures in less than 10 minutes with sutures spaced 1/4-inch apart, no
binding or misaligned sutures, while maintaining aseptic technique.
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) describes a gap between what two things? -
✔✔The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) describes a gap between current and
desired trainee competency.
he ZPD highlights the need for trainers and technical staff availability.
The ZPD may contribute to challenges in self-regulated learning because there is no
expert/coach available to guide the trainee in order to bridge the gap between current
and desired competency.
Once sufficient guidance form an expert/coach is received, then the trainee can
pursue deliberate practice in their own time using the VR simulation model.
SBE stands for? - ✔✔simulation-based education (SBE)
Rudolph et al. described a model of debriefing called "Debriefing with Good Judgment" What
are the three phases? - ✔✔RAS=REACTION, ANALYSIS, SUMMARY
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