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Marine Science First Semester Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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Marine Science First Semester Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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Marine Science First Semester MidtermExam Questions and Answers
A scientist wants to test whether the pH, salinity, and temperature of seawater impacts
coral development. He sets up an experiment with three conditions:
Aquarium 1: Normal pH, normal salinity, normal temperature
Aquarium 2: High pH, high salinity, high temperature
Aquarium 3: Low pH, low salinity, low temperature
He finds that coral grow the least in Aquarium 2. He concludes that coral does not grow
well in conditions with high salt. Why is this an invalid conclusion? - Answer The
experiment changes more than one variable at once.
What distinguishes science from other disciplines that do not use scientific methods? -
Answer Science relies on observation, measurement, and experimentation.
Cetology is an area of study that examines the physical characteristics and behaviors of
some types of marine mammals by using experimentation. How would Cetology best be
characterized? - Answer Science
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic marine organisms. Why would these organisms likely
be found only in shallow ocean zones? - Answer The amount of light in deeper ocean
zones is too dim.
Cyanobacteria are organisms that use the sun's energy to produce their own food.
During a storm, a population of cyanobacteria was carried down into a deeper layer of
the ocean. Predict what would happen to this population. - Answer It would die, because
sunlight is unable to penetrate deep into the ocean.
A submarine robot is operating near the ocean surface. What would its pressure and
temperature measurements most likely be? - Answer Low pressures, warm
temperatures
A professor researching sea stars off the coast of France has been offered a position at
a Mexican university. Should the researcher assume that his past experiments would
produce the same results in the coastal regions of Mexico? - Answer No, because the
environment conditions in Mexico will be different, producing uncontrolled variables.
, A marine scientist in California wants to study the habitat of Atlantic blue crab, a species
of crab found around the Chesapeake Bay. How can he best study the habitat of these
organisms? - Answer Collect and analyze water samples from Atlantic blue crab
habitats within the Chesapeake Bay.
Scientists have believed for many years that light does not penetrate below 200 meters
of ocean water. What experimental method would best test this hypothesis, and why? -
Answer Send a robot to measure the total light penetration at various depths of the
oceans and plot the data on a graph, because light penetration may change with depth.
A biologist observes that ocean temperature decreases with increasing depth and
concludes that deep sea creatures are superior animals because they can survive in
harsher environmental conditions. Why is this an invalid scientific conclusion? - Answer
Scientific data cannot be used to make judgments of organism superiority.
A population of shrimp suddenly starts collapsing. A biologist believes that toxins in the
food chain are interfering with larvae development. A climate scientist believes that a
change in water temperature is depleting food sources from the water. Why are both of
these options valid scientific hypotheses? - Answer Scientists with different educational
backgrounds can come to different interpretations of the same data.
According to the scientific process, how should a scientific question best be answered?
- Answer Conducting experiments
In order to simulate mesopelagic zone conditions in a model aquarium design, what
temperature and pressure conditions would be required? - Answer High temperatures,
moderate pressure
The Helmet Jelly, a type of jellyfish, will migrate from an ocean zone with limited light to
the zone that has the most available light. Which zones are the jellyfish moving between
and why? - Answer Mesopelagic zone to Epipelagic zone to find more prey
Which ocean zone receives the most amount of sunlight? - Answer Epipelagic zone
In which zone do some aquatic organisms rely on bioluminescence to entice prey? -
Answer Bathypelagic zone
What feeding strategy and adaptation would an organism that lived in the abyssopelagic
zone most likely use in order to survive, and why? - Answer Scavenge dead matter on
the ocean floor because it is difficult to find prey in the darkness
What causes tides to occur in the ocean? - Answer Gravitational Pull
Downwelling is the process that moves cold, dense water from the ocean surface to the
seafloor near the polar regions. How can downwelling affect the ocean water around the
poles? - Answer It being oxygen-rich water to the ocean floor.
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