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Marine Science 1st Nine Weeks Exam with correct Answers
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Marine Science 1st Nine Weeks Exam with correct Answers
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Marine Science 1st Nine Weeks Examwith correct Answers
which scientist and explorer proposed that all of earth's land had once been joined into
a single supercontinent surrounded by an ocean? - Answer -Wegener
Which force was first proposed as a mechanism for continental drift? - Answer -
Centrifugal
What was the most prevalent argument against the continental drift theory made by
some scientists at that time? - Answer -solid mantle
Which concept describes early Earth as separated into layers by gravity, with each
deeper layer denser than the layer above? - Answer -density stratification
A P wave exhibits ____ motion, whereas an S wave displays ____ motion. - Answer -
compressional//shear
What type of seismic waves undulates in a wavelike motion and causes the most
property damage? - Answer -surface
Secondary waves are able to pass through which layer of Earth? - Answer -crust and
mantle
Seismographs are unable to pick up seismic waves in which area of Earth? - Answer -
shadow zones
What is the cool, rigid, outer layer of Earth that is comprised of continental and oceanic
crusts and the uppermost mantle? - Answer -lithosphere
The ____ is solid and much denser than the ____, with temperatures as hot as the
surface of the sun. - Answer -inner core//outer core
The high temperature of Earth's interior is due to which process? - Answer -radioactive
decay
Radiometric dating is the process of determining the age of rocks by observing the ratio
of ____ radioactive elements to ____ decay products. - Answer -unstable//stable
, As mountains erode, how will isostatic forces cause Earth's crust beneath the mountain
to behave? - Answer -rise
Approximately ____ of the volume of an iceberg is exposed above sea level. - Answer -
10%
Which principle suggests that all of Earth's geological features and history can be
explained by processes identical to ones acting today? - Answer -Uniformitarianism
Oceanographers and seismologists further explored the theory of continental drift during
the early- to mid-twentieth century by correlating patterns of earthquakes and ____. -
Answer -volcanoes
In the mid-twentieth century, oceanographers used what devices to map the ocean
floor? - Answer -Echo sounders
The combined ideas of continental drift and seafloor spreading led to which overriding
concept? - Answer -Plate tectonics
The theory of plate tectonics describes the movement of the lithosphere floating atop
which of Earth's layers? - Answer -Asthenosphere
Within Earth's mantle, convection cells move lithospheric plates toward ____ and away
from ____. - Answer -subduction zones; spreading centers
The compressional movement of plate boundaries, such as observed at the Juan De
Fuca plate, is representative of which type of boundary? - Answer -Convergent
Which landscape is an example of a divergent boundary? - Answer -Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The lateral movement at transform boundaries causes what type of force? - Answer -
Shear
New ocean basins are formed from which of these geologic features? - Answer -Rift
valleys
What type of geologic feature is formed at the intersection of two converging continental
plates? - Answer -Mountains
Where have scientists found evidence of Earth's magnetic field reversals? - Answer -
Spreading centers
Continental volcanoes form inland from certain boundaries due to magma rising to the
surface. What type of boundaries are these? - Answer -Continent-ocean
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