A4M Practice Test Questions
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (37)
1. Identify the true statement(s) concerning 1. d
the role of mitochondria in longevity, aging,
and disease.
a. Decreased mitochondrial function results
in increased oxidative damage, caused by
free radical formation combined with a
decrease in antioxidant enzyme system
activity.
b. Maternal transmission of mitochondrial
genomes is a factor in differences in
longevity between male and female
organisms (Drosophila model)
c. Alteration of the electron transport chain
(ETC) promotes survival and enhances
longevity (C. elegans model).
d. a, b, c are true statements
e. Only a and b are true statements
For questions 2-4, match the property of the 2. a
therapeutic compound, with its correct 3. e
name: 4. b
2. Shown to reduce all-cause mortality, as
well as mortality specifically due to
cardiovascular disease and cancers, in men.
3. Shown to decrease the rate of telomere
shortening.
4. Combined with calcium, shown to reduce
mortality in the elderly.
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin D3
c. Vitamin E
d. CoEnzyme Q10
e. EPA/DHA
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, 9/2/24, 5:05 PM
5. Identify the true statements concerning 5. e
the role of the inflammation in aging and (the 2 major classes of inflammatory messengers are prostaglandins and leukotrienes)
disease:
a. Inflammation is implicated as a key factor
in arthritis, asthma, allergies, diabetes, and
heart disease.
b. The two major classes of inflammatory
messengers are prostaglandins and
interleukins.
c. Activation of the protein complex nuclear
factor kappa beta in response to oxidative
stress triggers as increase in pro-
inflammatory mediators, including IL-1, IL-6,
IL-8, and TNF-alpha.
d. Only a and b are true statements.
e. Only a and c are true statements.
6. Identify the true statements concerning 6. a
lifestyle (non-pharmacological) approaches b. ...may provide excellent adjunctive treatment...
in hypertensive patients: c. ...should be encouraged...
a. A large percentage of essential HTN
patients may be appropriate candidates, as
long as blood pressure is evaluated and
clinical target organ damage, clinical CVD,
DM, or significant risk factors are not present
at the time of diagnosis and do not develop
later.
b. Optimum nutrition, antioxidants, vitamins,
and minerals are counter indicated in
patients taking antihypertensive drugs.
c. Non-pharmacological approaches to HTN
are not valuable in patients with normal BP.
d. A, b, c are true statements.
e. None of the above are true statements.
7. Identify the true statements concerning 7. c
the role of increased oxidative stress in HTN: a. ...an exacerbated...
a. Increases oxidative stress is due to b. ...do contribute....
increased generation of ROS with a
suppressed response to ROS.
b. Arachidonic acid metabolites do not
contribute to increased levels or ROS.
c. A reduced antioxidant reserve results from
lower intracellular, extracellular, enzymatic,
and non-enzymatic antioxidants.
d. a, b, and c are true statements
e. None of the above are true statements.
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