definition of law
o :# 1. Predictions of the way in which a court will decide specific legal questions
2. A rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state, which commands
what is right, and prohibits what is wrong
ethics
o :# the principles of right and wrong that guide an i...
BUS 404 MIDTERM 1 ANDERSON Questions and
Answers
definition of law
o :# 1. Predictions of the way in which a court will decide specific legal questions
2. A rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state, which commands
what is right, and prohibits what is wrong
ethics
o :# the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
Business Ethics
o :# rules about how businesses and their employees ought to behave
Seeing-Knowing-Doing Model
o :# 1. The decision maker should see the ethical issues involved in the proposed
conduct
2. The decision maker should know what to do by choosing the best option
3. The decision maker should do the chosen option by developing and implementing
strategies
a priori
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o :# is a reasoning based on theory rather than experimentation from cause to
effect and from generalizations to particular instances
Ethical Fundamentalism
o :# individuals look to a central authority or set of rules to guide them in ethical
decision making
ethical relativism
o :# actions must be judged by what individuals subjectively feel is right or wrong
for themselves
- morals are relative across different cultures
- limitations if each person's actions are always correct for that person, then their
behavior is moral and exempt from criticism
Situational Ethics
o :# one must judge a person's actions by first putting oneself in the actor's
situation
Utilitarianism
o :# idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness
for the greatest number of people
Act Utilitarianism
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o :# assesses each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over
pain
Rule Utilitarianism
o :# holds that general rules must be established and followed even though
following the rules may produce less overall pleasure than not following them
cost-benefit analysis
o :# Quantifies in monetary terms and then compares the direct and indirect costs
and benefits of program alternatives for meeting a specified objective
Deontological
o :# Addresses the problems of utilitarianism and says that actions must be judged
by their motives and means as well as their results
Social Ethics Theories
o :# focus is on a person's obligations to other members in society and also on the
individual's rights and obligations within society
Social Egalitarians
o :# believe that society should provide all its members with equal amounts of
goods and services regardless of their relative contributions
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Distributive Justice
o :# the perceived degree to which outcomes and rewards are fairly distributed or
allocated
libertarians
o :# stress market outcomes as the basis for distributing society's rewards; oppose
social interference in the lives of those who do not violate the rules of the
marketplace
Intuitionism
o :# a rational person possesses inherent power to assess the correctness of actions
Good person philosophy
o :# holds that individuals seek out and emulate good role models
television test
o :# would we be comfortable if our actions were broadcast on television?
Kohlberg's stages of moral development
o :# preconventional, conventional, postconventional
preconventional level
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