Term 2 of 183
According to Lev Vygotsky, the process by which more experienced people transmit cultural
information to children is called:
zone of proximal development
social referencing
superego
guided participation
Term 3 of 183
Two-year-old Katherine sees a goat for the first time, and calls it a cow because it has four legs
and horns. According to Piaget, Katherine's response is best considered an example of:
accommodation
assimilation
habituation
guided participation
,Term 4 of 183
The term "polygenic inheritance" refers to which of the following?
a trait that skips generations in a family
a trait controlled by a single gene
a trait caused by an interaction of several genes or gene pairs
a trait influenced by environmental factors only
Term 5 of 183
The germinal period of prenatal development begins with conception and ends about ___ later.
3 days
2 weeks
6 months
1 month
Term 6 of 183
Which chromosomal pair determines the sex of an individual?
23rd
26th
24th
15th
,Term 7 of 183
The two ways in which cells can divide are called:
meiosis and cloning
autosomes
meiosis and mitosis
synapses
Term 8 of 183
According to the text, when a second child is born, parents can best help the older child adjust
successfully by:
buying expensive gifts for the older child to compensate for the new sibling
enrolling both children in a new school together
ignoring the older child's needs and focusing solely on the newborn
setting aside some time to be with only the older child, giving her all of their attention
Term 9 of 183
Which of the following statements regarding fraternal twins is FALSE?
Fraternal twins are not genetically related.
Fraternal twins are always of the same gender.
The twins develop from the same zygote.
Fraternal twins are always identical.
, Term 10 of 183
The text states that there has been a gradual evolution in how mental retardation is regarded. In
general, what change is at the center of that evolution in thinking?
Today, intellectual disability is considered to be a biological, rather than a psychological,
disability.
Currently, people are seen as a collective group with no unique needs for adjustments.
Today, each person is considered to be more an individual with specific needs for
accommodations.
Nowadays, individuals are not recognized as having distinct requirements for support.
Term 11 of 183
Lynn tells the teacher, "I don't care if I learn anything; I just want to get an A." According to
research conducted by Carol Dweck, you should conclude that Lynn has what type of
motivation?
extrinsic motivation
performance motivation
achievement motivation
assimilation
Term 12 of 183
In general, when children are physically punished on a regular basis, they usually:
become more aggressive themselves
normative, history-graded influence
an infant who babbles "ga-ga-ga-ga" when she is content
cross-sectional
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