MICR 270 Final Exam Study Guide| 100% Pass Guaranteed
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Course
MICR 270
Institution
MICR 270
TLR signalling - Answer TLRS recognize through ramps or damps, then the engulfed
pathogen is presented to the MHC and the production of co-stimulatory molecules is
increased, and an immunocompetent naive T cell binds to the MHC and can initiate an
adaptive IR.
Humoral Activation - Answer Activa...
MICR 270 Final Exam Study Guide| 100% Pass
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TLR signalling - Answer TLRS recognize through ramps or damps, then the engulfed
pathogen is presented to the MHC and the production of co-stimulatory molecules is
increased, and an immunocompetent naive T cell binds to the MHC and can initiate an
adaptive IR.
Humoral Activation - Answer Activated and differentiated TH2 cells activate B cells and
induce their differentiation into plasmocytes. Plasmocytes then secrete a large number
of antibodies for the invading antigen.
Cell-mediated activation - Answer Activated and differentiated TH1 cells active CD8+
and induce their differentiation into CTLs. CTLs then recognize and eliminate pathogens
through their MHC I complex.
Cancer immunoediting - Answer elimination:
tutor cell arises in a tissue, the immune system acts to remove it through NK cells and T
cells.
equilibrium:
if elimination fails, cells enter the state where the rate of proliferation of cancer cells
equals the rate fo cancer cell death.
escape
tutor cells are no longer recognized by the IS and so avoid elimination and grow
uncontrolled to form a tumour
, How do tutor cells evade the IR? - Answer 1. low levels of MHC I to avoid recognition
2. Poor co-stimulatory molecules which leads to partial T cell activation
Cancer cell cycle - Answer 1. cancer cells release antigens, indicating that they are not
healthy cells to the immune system and the IS attacks
2. cells of the immune system capture the antigens and travel to the lymph nodes where
they find T cells
3. T cells are activated by the antigens and the IR against the cancer is initiated
4. Activated T cells move through the blood vessels to the tumour site
5. Tumour is invaded and attacked
6. T cells recognize the cancer cells because of the previously released antigens
7. T cells initiate a pathway leading to cancer cell death
primary lymphoid organs - Answer bone marrow and thymus
secondary lymphoid organs - Answer spleen and lymph nodes, MALT and GALT
Function of primary lymphoid organs - Answer B and T cell maturation into an
immunocompetent cell
Function of secondary lymphoid organs - Answer lymphocyte activation into an effector
cell
Prions - Answer function as normal proteins but if they misfoled become infectious.
linked to CNS disorders, and are resistant to degradation.
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