Exam (elaborations)
2024 NR511 HEENT MIDTERM EXAM WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NR511 HEENT MIDTERM EXAM WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NR511 HEENT MIDTERMEXAM WITH ANSWERS
Nasal Polyps risk factors - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Allergies
2. Kids with CF
3. Known aspirin sensitivity
Nasal Polyps Findings - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Nasal congestion
2. Hyposmia to anosmia
3. Changes in sense of taste
4. Persistent postnasal drainage
5. Headaches, facial pain, discomfort (periorbital/maxillary)
6. Obstructive sleep apnea
7. Fleshy translucent mass or masses in nasal cavity
8. Origintates: Ethmoid region, max sinus, septum, or turbinates
Nasal Polyps Diagnostics - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Coronal sinus CT scan
2. Biopsy polyps w/ non-classic appearance
Nasal Polyps Treatment - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Oral steroids (prednisone)
2. Nasal steroid spray (fluticasone, mometasone, budesonide)
3. Surgery
Nasal Polyps education - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Avoid allergens
Otitis Externa Risk factors - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Water exposure
2. Mechanical trauma
3. Excessive moisture
Otitis Externa Findings - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Painful upon manipulation,
pruritic ear
2. Conductive hearing loss
3. Stuffiness, fullness, loss of auditory acuity
4. Popping, crackling, gurgling
5. Rarely vertigo
6. Recent hx of viral URI
7. External canal red, swollen, purulent drainage
8. Lateral surface of TM is erythematous and possible edematous
Otitis Externa Diagnostics - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Rarely needed
2. Culture of fluid
, Otitis Externa Treatment - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. ABX drops w/ or w/o
corticosteroids
2. Fluoroquinolone if TM is not visualized or known rupture
3. If initial therapy doesn't work: IV ABX and ENT referral necessary
4. Reeval in 48-72 hrs to ensure gtts working
Otitis Externa ABX drops - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Acetic acid 2%
2. Acetic acid 2% with hydrocortisone 1%
3. Ciprofloxacin 0.2% w/ hydrocortisone 1% (fluoro)
4. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% w/ dexamethasone 0.1% (fluoro)
5. Neomycin, polymyxin B, hydrocortisone (Fluoro)
6. Ofloxacin 0.3% (fluoro)
Otitis Externa Education - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Keep moisture out
2. Avoid mechanical injury
3. Resolves 7-10 days
4. Drops used abundantly (5 or more)
5. Can use wick to ensure drops go in
6. Avoid water for 4-6 weeks after symptoms
7. Can use 2% acetic acid solution prophylactically after contact w/ water.
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) Risk Factors - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
Infants/children
2. Winter
3. Older adults
4. Allergies
5. Sinusitis
6. Rhinitis
7. Pharyngitis
8. URI
9. Anatomical abnormalities
10. Perf TM
11. Down Syndrome
12. Smoking
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) Findings - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Fever
2. Deep ear pain
3. Unilateral hearing loss
4. Otic discharge
5. Recent URI
6. Dizziness, n/v, vertigo, tinnitus
7. TM rupture, relieves pain
8. TM: amber/yellow/orange/pink, gray/firey red
9. TM: buldging, full, absent/obscured landmarks and cone light reflex
10. Auditory canal w/o discharge unless perf
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