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2024 NR 511 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NR 511 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NR 511 FINAL EXAM WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests
that which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
An acutely presenting, erythematous, tender lump within the eyelid is called:
a. Blepharitis
b. Hordeolum
c. Chalazion
d. Iritis - CORRECT-ANSWERSHordeolum
The clinician is seeing a patient complaining of red eye. The clinician
suspects conjunctivitis. The presence of mucopurulent discharge suggests
which type of conjunctivitis?
a. Viral conjunctivitis
b. Keratoconjunctivitis
c. Bacterial conjunctivitis
d. Allergic conjunctivitis - CORRECT-ANSWERSBacterial conjunctivitis
Which subtype of cataracts is characterized by significant nearsightedness
and a slow indolent course?
a. Nuclear cataracts
b. Cortical cataracts
c. Posterior cataracts
d. Immature cataracts - CORRECT-ANSWERSNuclear cataracts
A 65-year-old man presents to the clinician with complaints of increasing
bilateral peripheral vision loss, poor night vision, and frequent prescription
changes that started 6 months previously. Recently, he has also been seeing
halos around lights. The clinician suspects chronic open-angle glaucoma.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the diagnosis of chronic
open-angle glaucoma?
a. The presence of increased intraocular pressure measured by tonometry is
definitive for the diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma.
b. The clinician can definitively diagnosis open-angle glaucoma based on the
subjective complaints of the patient.
c. Physical diagnosis relies on gonioscopic evaluation of the angle by an
ophthalmologist.
,d. Early diagnosis is essential in order to reverse any damage that has
occurred to the optic nerve - CORRECT-ANSWERSPhysical diagnosis relies on
gonioscopic evaluation of the angle by an ophthalmologist.
As diabetic retinopathy progresses, the presence of 'cotton wool' spots can
be detected. Cotton wool spots refer to:
a. Nerve fiber layer infarctions
b. Blood vessel proliferation
c. Venous beading
d. Retinal hemorrhage - CORRECT-ANSWERSNerve fiber layer infarctions
Which of the following is an example of sensorineural hearing loss?
a. Perforation of the tympanic membrane
b. Otosclerosis
c. Cholesteatoma
d. Presbycusis - CORRECT-ANSWERSpresbycusis
The clinician is assessing a patient complaining of hearing loss. The clinician
places a tuning fork over the patient's mastoid process, and when the sound
fades away, the fork is placed without restriking it over the external auditory
meatus. The patient is asked to let the clinician know when the sound fades
away. This is an example of which type of test?
a. Weber test
b. Schwabach test
c. Rinne test
d. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test - CORRECT-ANSWERSRinne test
A patient presents to the clinician complaining of ear pain. On examination,
the clinician finds that the patient has tenderness on traction of the pinna as
well as when applying pressure over the tragus. These findings are classic
signs of which condition?
a. Otitis media
b. Meniere's disease
c. Tinnitus
d. Otitis extern - CORRECT-ANSWERSotitis externa
The most significant precipitating event leading to otitis media with effusion
is:
a. Pharyngitis
b. Allergies
c. Viral upper respiratory infection (URI)
d. Perforation of the eardrum - CORRECT-ANSWERSc. Viral upper respiratory
infection (URI)
Patients with acute otitis media should be referred to a specialist in which of
the following situations?
, a. Concurrent vertigo or ataxia
b. Failed closure of a ruptured tympanic membrane
c. If symptoms worsen after 3 or 4 days of treatment
d. All of the above - CORRECT-ANSWERSAll of the above
Which immunoglobulin mediates the type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
involved in allergic rhinitis?
a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM - CORRECT-ANSWERSIgE
Fluctuations and reductions in estrogen may be a contributing factor in
which type of rhinitis?
a. Vasomotor rhinitis
b. Rhinitis medicamentosum
c. Atrophic rhinitis
d. Viral rhinitis - CORRECT-ANSWERSVasomotor rhinitis
Sally, aged 25, presents with impetigo that has been diagnosed as infected
with staphylococcus. The clinical presentation is pruritic tender, red vesicles
surrounded by erythema with a rash that is ulcerating. She has not been
adequately treated recently. Which type of impetigo is this - CORRECT-
ANSWERSEcthyma
Harvey has a rubbery, smooth, round mass on his chest which is
compressible and has a soft to very firm texture. What do you diagnose this
as? - CORRECT-ANSWERSA lipoma
Which of the following statements is accurate when you are removing a
seborrheic keratosis lesion using liquid nitrogen? - CORRECT-ANSWERSUse
gel foam to control bleeding.
The "B" in the ABCDEs of assessing skin cancer represents: - CORRECT-
ANSWERSBorder irregularity.
The most common precancerous skin lesion found in Caucasians is: -
CORRECT-ANSWERSActinic keratosis.
Ian, age 62, presents with a wide, diffuse area of erythematous skin on his
left lower leg that is warm and tender to palpation. There is some edema
involved. You suspect: - CORRECT-ANSWERSCellulitis.
Which of the following types of cellulitis is a streptococcal infection of the
superficial layers of the skin which does not involve the subcutaneous
layers? - CORRECT-ANSWERSErysipelas
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