BESC 204 TAMU EXAM 1
fungi - Answer- -own kingdom
-3 domains (archea,eukarya,eucaryota)
-eukaryotic
-heterotrophic
-no chlorophyll
-obtain nutrients by absorption
-reproduce by spores
-exhibit a pronounced polarization of growing cells
hyphae - Answer- each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium
-elongate by tip growth
mycelium - Answer- vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a network of fine white
filaments
-ex: fairy ring, ringworm etc.
-biggest one: 2200 acres;650tons;2400yearsold
septa - Answer- -"cell compartmentalization"
-make fungi fundamentally different from other multi-cellular organisms
cell compartment - Answer- -increases surface area of the cell membranes
-necessary for obtaining nutrients and excreting waste
-means of increasing membrane without increasing the size of the cell
-exceptions:yeast-single celled organsim
Woronin Bodies - Answer- -dense-core organelles that are found exclusively in
filamentous fungi
-seal septal pore in response to wounding (scab)
-consist of a membrane-bound protein matrix comprised of the HEX protein
-formed from peroxisomes
Mycology - Answer- the study of fungi
mycologist - Answer- a scientist who studies fungi
morphological species concept - Answer- -things that look the same are of the same
species
-must fungal species defined this way (particularly for species with no known sexual
reproduction)
, Biological species concept - Answer- -requires 2 individuals to be able to mate AND
produce viable offspring
-difficult with fungi b/c mating either doesn't work in lab or can be forced when it
wouldn't happen in nature
Phylogentic species concept - Answer- -genealogical relationships
-genetic mapping and similarities
Zoospore - Answer- -spore capable of swimming by means of a flagellum
-found in chytridiomycota
flagellum - Answer- tail-like structure that propels zoospore
whiplash flagellum - Answer- flagellum without hair on its surface
thallus - Answer- (hyphae>mycelium>thallus)
-simple structure that lacks specialized tissues typical of higher plants (stems,
leaves, etc.)
-coenocytic
coenocytic - Answer- mass of protoplasm containing many nuclei and enclosed by
cell wall
(no crosswalls)
Asexual (list spore types) - Answer- spores formed by the separation and thickening
of hyphal cells
-product of mitosis
-spore types:
*zoospores
*sporangiospores
*chlamydiospores
*conidia
Sexual (list steps) - Answer- -products of meiosis
-hyphae from opposite mating types meet, produce structures called progmeangia
(multi nuclei) that separate at the tip and form gametangia, which continue to be
attached to mating hyphae
-plasmogamy occurs btw two gametangia and forms zygote
-karogamy takes place within zygote
-germination begins
When does germination begin? - Answer- when the diploid nucleus undergoes
meiosis and a sporangium develops
Sexual (list spore types) - Answer- -ascospores
-basidiospores
-zygospores
-oospores
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