NR 511 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST 2023 / NR511
MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE CHAMBERLAIN
In the table above, what is the sensitivity of the Prostate Specific
Antigen (PSA) for detecting prostate cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>
Sensitivity is the proportion of client with the disease that have a
positive result; it is the number of true positives divided by the
total number of clients who have the disease.
A diagnostic test is used in a sample of 1000 clients. 500 of these
clients have the disease, while 500 do not. Of those 500 clients
without the disease, 30 tests positive, and 470 tests negative.
What is the specificity of the test? - CORRECT ANSWER >>470 /
500
Specificity: proportion of 'test negative' of total without the
disease; the number of true negatives over all negatives. In this
example, 500/1000 clients have the disease; 30 test positive, and
470 test negative.
The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of a test refers to which of
the following? - CORRECT ANSWER >>Test PPV refers to the
proportion of clients with a positive test who have the disease
,Which of the following depends on the prevalence of the disease?
- CORRECT ANSWER >>Predictive values depend on the
prevalence of disease in the population whereas sensitivity and
specificity are intrinsic properties of the test. Reliability refers to
the consistency or stability of a measure.
A low pretest probability of disease may lead to which of the
following? - CORRECT ANSWER >>Low positive predictive value
and more false-positive results
Positive predictive value increases with prevalence; thus, low
prevalence value yields a low positive predictive value and implies
a high false-positive rate. Negative predictive value decreases
with prevalence, and sensitivity/specificity do not vary.
If you strongly suspect that a client is positive for a specific
condition but tests negative, the negative result may be: -
CORRECT ANSWER >>False-negative test results due to a low
negative predictive value.
Your clinical suspicion is equivalent to pre-test probability and
high prevalence of a population. Negative predictive value is
,inversely correlated with prevalence. Your clinical suspicion is a
low negative predictive value, suggesting a false-negative.
A client has a positive rapid strep test. Knowing nothing else, how
likely is it that the client has strep pharyngitis? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>Cannot be determined from this information.
Without a pre-test probability the test result cannot be interpreted
accurately.
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fever -
CORRECT ANSWER >>CBC
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint:
Unexplained bruising - CORRECT ANSWER >>CBC
hich test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fatigue -
CORRECT ANSWER >>CBC, CMP
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Cardiac
dysrhythmias - CORRECT ANSWER >>CMP, electrolyte
abnormalities
, Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint:
Unexplained weight loss - CORRECT ANSWER >>CBC, CMP
Check WBC for inflammation or possible cancer, CMP for
glucose, liver or kidney abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Edema
- CORRECT ANSWER >>CMP
SNAPPS - CORRECT ANSWER >>Summarize the history and
findings
Narrow the differential diagnosis to two or three possibilities
Analyze the differential by comparing and contrasting the
possibilities
Probe the preceptor by asking questions about alternative
approaches or uncertainties
Plan the management of the client's health issues
Select an issue from the case for self-directed learning
Pruritis - CORRECT ANSWER >>-Pruritus is the sensation of
itching accompanied by the urge to scratch and can be
considered as acute or chronic. It can be a symptom of an actual
dermatological issue or it can be a symptom of another disease or
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